Restless child. What to do?. Kindergarten teachers, school teachers and educators

How often can you see this picture: a student is preparing his homework. Here he is sitting at a table by the window. In front of him is an open notebook and an arithmetic textbook, but his gaze is directed somewhere into the unknown distance, and with a pencil he seems to want to drill a hole in his own cheek.

-Have you solved the problem? - No... But I’m already thinking.

And in the notebook there are no traces of other work except thinking, although he has been sitting like that for half an hour. What is he thinking about?

Of course, not about 100 kilograms of sugar beets, from which 18 kilograms of sugar are obtained, and not about how much sugar will be obtained from 10 tons of these beets... He, apparently, seriously wanted to do arithmetic, but his thoughts willfully ran away from the textbook and were carried away by the boy's imagination.

Is he to blame? Of course not. He simply does not yet know how to control his attention.

They say about such children: absent-minded and inattentive. And success at school, as a rule, leaves much to be desired. What to do? Absent-mindedness is a completely surmountable flaw in a child’s behavior and character. You just need to scold and punish her less, because it won’t help. It’s better to find the true reasons for the child’s absent-mindedness and inattention and try to eliminate them.

What it is?

Attention deficit in children is often called attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This is a condition accompanied by various deviations and disturbances in behavior, mental activity, and social activity. This term appeared relatively recently. They began to use it at the end of the last century.

But this condition began to be regarded as a diagnosis only in the present century. Today, ADHD is diagnosed in approximately every 10-15th child. Most often, the problem is detected between the ages of 4 and 9 years (it is simply impossible to make an accurate diagnosis earlier). Surprisingly, the number of children with this problem increases every year; some experts even talk about a kind of epidemic.

Boys suffer from ADHD 3-5 times more often than girls. This deviation also occurs in adults, but more often children outgrow it. In some cases, manifestations persist into adulthood, but become less obvious.

There are several types of attention deficit:

Individual attention deficit without any other obvious manifestations.
Attention deficit combined with impulsivity. This is a more complicated case.
Attention deficit and hyperactivity. A complex condition that significantly impedes learning, socialization and other processes.
Mixed type. The most complex option, this condition can have a wide variety of manifestations.

Restless child. What to do?

Mavlida Shakirova

Restless child. What to do?

Restless child:

What do parents need to know about their child ?

Great mobility is characteristic of almost all preschool children. But if the child’s restlessness goes beyond all limits and creates problems in communicating with peers, parents and educators, this is a signal that it is necessary to consult a specialist. Very often, other behavioral features are added to excessive activity. First of all, it is the inability to concentrate, to do the same thing for a long time, and lack of determination. Doctors call this problem attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Why do children develop this behavior? Doctors name several reasons: heredity, infectious diseases in infancy, and even food allergies caused by artificial additives. But most often complications during pregnancy and (or)

childbirth
The psychological characteristics of a child with this behavior are manifested in the following:
• a hyperactive child cannot maintain his attention on anything for a long time;

• it is difficult for him to listen to the interlocutor to the end, constantly interrupting others;

• often “does not hear”

when addressed;

• cannot sit still, fidgets in the chair, spins, jumps up;

• takes on new business with pleasure, but almost never finishes what he starts;

• regularly loses his things;

• even at school age, the child is not able to independently follow the daily routine;

• easily forgets everything that does not interest him;

• restless hands, the child constantly twists, picks, and drums his fingers;

• sleeps little;

• talks a lot;

• often commits rash acts under the influence of emotions;

does not like and does not know how to wait his turn;

• sudden, unexpected movements, resulting in surrounding objects flying to the floor with a crash.

If the listed symptoms are familiar to you and you observe them in your child , then you need to contact a specialist: a neurologist, a psychologist. Only a doctor can make a diagnosis after long-term observation and a complete examination of the child . the child’s hyperactivity , but also some other developmental feature. There are known cases when parents of such children “bought”

due to their high intellectual abilities, they sent their
child to school a little earlier than necessary. After all, if a child , for example, at the age of 5 can read and count to one hundred, quickly memorizes rhymes, what should he do in kindergarten ? But it's not that simple. One of the features of such children is asynchrony of development, that is, uneven development. The child is indeed ahead of his peers in some respects, but in some respects, alas, he lags behind them. Often the advance is in terms of intellectual development, and the lag is in matters of socialization. For such a child, a lesson lasting 30 minutes is tantamount to torture. He will fidget and get distracted, and let the teacher’s words fall on deaf ears, since it is difficult for them to control and manage their own behavior. He simply was not “ripe”
for school physiologically and psychologically!
That is why, before sending a hyperactive child with attention deficit disorder to school, it is necessary to show him to specialists, namely: a neurologist, speech pathologist, and psychologist. Having received the necessary recommendations from specialists, you can make the right decision in the best interests of the child .
Here are some tips to help normalize your relationship and achieve the desired behavior.

• Try to encourage your baby more often - such children really need both praise and material incentives (toys, sweets)

.
child’s achievements that were difficult for him - perseverance, accuracy, consistency.
• Plan developmental activities in the first half of the day, then the results will be better;

• Speak your requests to your child briefly and clearly so that he listens to you to the end;

• Hyperactive children get tired very quickly, so take frequent breaks from classes ;

• Such children never run out of energy, so it is necessary to constantly create conditions for him to spend it somewhere. The baby should take more walks outdoors, enroll your child in a sports section or regularly play sports games with him;

• A very important point is a properly designed regimen. The child must be taught to do everything on time, and exceptions cannot be made even on a day off. For example, always get up at the same time, have breakfast, do homework , go for a walk, etc. This may be too strict, but it is the most effective.

• Hyperactive children are very sensitive to mood, so it is very important that the emotions they receive are positive. It is important to monitor the atmosphere in the family so that all conflicts pass by the baby.

• Uniform requirements in kindergarten (or)

at school and at home will help
your child get used to the routine faster.
What is the prognosis for children with attention deficit disorder? Previously, it was believed that difficulties go away with age, the child seems to outgrow his disadvantage, becoming an adult. This opinion was based on the fact that doctors focused on hyperactivity as the main symptom. Currently, the main symptom is considered to be impaired attention combined with hyperactivity. Hyperactivity tends to decrease with age, and attention deficit and impulsivity tend to reverse to a much lesser extent. Therefore, hoping that time is the best healer is wrong in this case, but the efforts spent will certainly bring results.

A hyperactive child requires a lot of strength and attention from adults. Such a child must always be listened to, helped, he needs rewards and encouragement, a lot of parental love, support and approval. Experience shows that eliminating hyperactivity problems in children is doable. Let patience fail sometimes, the main thing is that you love your baby, and he loves you, and that means that sooner or later you will cope together.

Teacher-psychologist of the branch of the State Public Institution RMPK Sibayskaya Zonal PMPK Shakirova

M.A.

How does it manifest?

How does absent-minded attention syndrome manifest in children? Here are some possible signs of this condition:

The child cannot concentrate his attention on one thing. This leads to mistakes when performing both school assignments and simple household chores.
It may seem that the child is not listening to you or does not understand what you are talking about.
Restlessness, inability and unwillingness to sit in one place and do one particular thing for a long time.
Difficulties in following instructions, directions, prescriptions.
Difficulties in self-organization and self-control.
Clutter in the room and workplace.
The child is quickly distracted.
Forgetfulness is often observed. But it is not associated with memory problems, but with the inability to concentrate on one thing.
Children often lose or forget their things.
It seems that the child is not goal-oriented, but in fact he simply does not understand how to go towards his goal to the end, since he cannot concentrate on it.
Difficulties in interacting with peers, with teachers, with family and friends.
Behavior problems. Often children with absent-mindedness syndrome are disobedient, noisy, rude, and do everything out of spite.
Anxiety.
Carelessness, negligence.
The child is constantly spinning, cannot sit in one place, jerks his legs and arms, gets up from his seat (even when this is prohibited), tries to climb somewhere, break something.
Often such children are very talkative, but at the same time they cannot maintain a conversation on one specific topic.
The child answers questions without listening to them to the end.
Impatience. For example, standing in line or waiting are real challenges for such a child.
Often, children with attention deficit disorder are obsessive and may seem ill-mannered.

What to do if a child is distracted and inattentive?

First of all, seek advice from a pediatrician so that he can determine whether the child has any ailment, and if so, then begin treatment immediately.
But it turns out that the child is healthy, and the doctor did not prescribe any medicine, but gave advice: under no circumstances should you scold the child for being absent-minded, or make fun of this shortcoming in him, as often happens in the family circle and even at school.

A mocking attitude does not help, but does great harm: the child ceases to respect himself, loses faith in himself, and becomes embittered. We must help a little schoolchild to study, but at the same time we must give him independent tasks, and if he succeeds in even the most trivial work, we must certainly praise him: “Look, what a great fellow you are!” You did a great job yourself!”

All parents know how important the proper organization of children’s lives (sleep, nutrition, fresh air) is, but they often underestimate the role that the entire atmosphere of family life and everyday life plays in the general physical and moral condition of the child.

A few examples:

1. The girl at school is very absent-minded. She always has a kind of absent look, she definitely doesn’t hear what’s going on around her, and answers questions at random. She began to get bad grades, although she had previously been a good student. Something happened to her.

The class teacher became interested in her home life and learned that her parents were separating. Of course, the girl is having a hard time with this family discord; she is shocked by this terrible and so incomprehensible fact for her. Where can I listen to the teacher’s explanations!?

This is no longer weak attention or painful absent-mindedness, but a grave grief that does not give peace and makes it impossible to concentrate thoughts on academic work. And the parents get off with the proverb: “If it grinds, there will be flour.”

2. A first-grader who qualifies as a “difficult child”: in class she cannot sit still for a minute, fidgets, looks around, and is so distracted that she does not hear when the teacher addresses her. Can not get in time. Finally, the parents were called to the school. Father came. Everything became clear from a conversation with him.

Raising a girl depends entirely on her mother’s mood. In a good mood, the mother caresses and pampers her daughter, in a bad mood she finds fault, beats the girl and even kicks her out of the house. She lacks mental balance, hence her nervousness and absent-mindedness, which could be easily eliminated if her mother treated her rationally.

What causes distracted attention syndrome?

The nature of the development of this condition is still unknown, but there are several assumptions and theories. We list the possible reasons:

Most scientists agree that hereditary factors play an important role. Specific genes have been identified that may influence behavior and provoke some manifestations of diffuse influence syndrome.
Deterioration of the environmental situation. Some experts believe that certain adverse environmental conditions can trigger the development of ADHD.
Birth injuries in a child and complications during childbirth (traumatic brain injuries, asphyxia, prolonged or difficult labor) and related problems and conditions.
Diseases suffered by the expectant mother during pregnancy and complications during pregnancy: intrauterine infections, hypoxia, umbilical cord entanglement, smoking and alcohol consumption by a woman during pregnancy, uterine hypertonicity and the threat of miscarriage, Rh conflict, abnormal position of the fetus, and so on.
Traumatic brain injuries can also have an impact.
Some diseases of the child, such as heart or pulmonary failure, kidney disease, brain disease, asthma.
Illnesses suffered in the first months of life, accompanied by a significant increase in temperature (such an increase has an extremely negative effect on the state of the child’s brain).

Diagnostics

Making an accurate diagnosis is not so easy, because all the symptoms listed above can also occur in other pathological conditions, diseases and disorders. Therefore, a specialist must monitor the child’s condition and behavior over time, and also rule out other diseases.

A special role is played by parents, who must, at the doctor’s request, accurately describe the characteristics of their child’s behavior in certain situations. It may take several months to make an accurate and definitive diagnosis.

How to get rid of the problem?

It's worth noting that in some cases, children outgrow ADHD. But this is only possible with long-term and constant work by doctors, parents and loved ones.

Here are some measures that may include the treatment of absent-minded attention syndrome:

Taking certain medications. It is necessary only in case of obvious and serious deviations and violations. Children may be prescribed sedatives. Taking strong drugs in childhood is dangerous and harmful. Any medication must be prescribed by a doctor.
Changing lifestyle, regime. So, if a child cannot sit still at school and lags far behind his peers, then it makes sense to switch to home schooling. An individual approach and adjustments to the training program will make the process as comfortable and effective as possible for the child. It is extremely important to properly organize your daily routine. Compliance with it will help discipline the child and teach him order.
The specialist should give advice to parents and tell them how best to organize their child’s activities and how to behave in certain situations. Firstly, you should not force a child to do something, this will only make him angry. Secondly, be patient and don’t be nervous, otherwise your child will be nervous. Thirdly, always show your child that you love him.
In some cases, regular visits to a psychologist, certain classes and exercises are required.
Sports can help. It will provide an outlet for energy and allow you to discipline the child.

Health and success to your child!

The dream of any parent is a healthy, active child who studies well, successfully masters the skills of playing instruments and drawing, and always manages to fulfill his plans. But, unfortunately, these dreams are overshadowed by one unpleasant trait of the baby - inattention.

Causes of childhood inattention

Parents should not panic and make an appointment with a neurologist. First you need to find out the reasons that led to this problem.

Hyperactivity or attention deficit in adults. It is not difficult to notice such children on the playground; they are not in one place for a minute. They are always in a hurry, rushing somewhere and distracted by all sorts of external factors. Problems of this nature are detected at the age of 3-5 years and require great patience from parents. The upbringing of such a child should be under the supervision of doctors, teachers and psychologists.

Frequent protracted illnesses. Poor health is another reason why a child forgets everything and is inattentive. To replenish your child’s energy reserves, it is necessary to systematically take courses of vitamins for schoolchildren.

Features of the nervous system. Attentive, active and stable children with a labile character. Their inert classmates will be more lethargic and mediocre.

High loads, as a result, fatigue. Experts say that the intensive school program and the desire of parents to involve the child in all circles leads to overload. As a result, efficiency and attentiveness decrease.

Lack of motivation. Even a one-year-old baby will pay his attention to the toy that he likes. When performing boring, uninteresting tasks, attention drops exponentially.

Reasons for restlessness

Among the main factors due to which a child does not have perseverance, the following should be highlighted:

The child is unable to cope with the regulation of his motor functions. In this case, his activity and tirelessness are caused not by the fact that he wants to annoy an adult and because of this does not stop running around the room, but because he simply cannot do it on his own.
Your baby cannot concentrate on the same action for a long time. Almost all children are not able to do one thing for a long time, this is no secret to anyone. But if your child is not able to sit for even five minutes at the same activity, but grabs onto everything indiscriminately, then in this case parents should pay special attention to this.
And finally, your child may simply be too active due to the fact that he really has nowhere to put the energy that is splashing over the edge.

Signs of an inattentive baby

Absent-mindedness and lack of concentration in a child can manifest itself in the following:

Quick, superficial completion of assigned tasks, especially school assignments.
Slowness.
Daydreaming.
Fatigue quickly even from a small amount of work.
A large number of errors when performing simple tasks.
Lack of attentiveness and concentration during work.

Briefly about the problem

Problems with concentration are becoming increasingly common among people of all ages. If in older people forgetfulness is the result of age-related changes, then in young people it is often a consequence of stress, hard work, hormonal imbalances, and a busy life. If an adult begins to complain about problems with well-being, for example, fatigue, the inability to concentrate on one task at hand, then children do not talk about their feelings, they simply forget toys in the yard, leave their sports uniform at home, and forget to pick up their textbook in class. And when this forgetfulness occurs rarely, with low frequency, then everything can be attributed to the presence of a distraction, passion for some activity. When forgetfulness is permanent, the child forgets names, does not recognize people, then it is necessary to urgently contact a neurologist for advice and, if necessary, undergo tests. In most cases, forgetfulness is explained by the presence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in the child.

When faced with the fact that your child is forgetting something, do not even think about scolding, criticizing, or comparing him with other children. In such a situation, it is necessary to turn your attention to the problem that has arisen and begin training to improve memory and concentration. If you have accompanying anxiety symptoms or persistent memory problems, seek help from a doctor.

Finding a solution to the problem

If a child is inattentive, what should I do? The main thing is not to get excited and not make complex diagnoses. All parents should remember this. Pediatric experts recommend training voluntary attention from infancy. To help moms and dads, there is a wide range of educational toys in children's stores. Dynamic attributes will improve the attention of babies up to one year old.

If problems with attention disorder appeared in adulthood, for example, when the child entered kindergarten or school, it is necessary to look for the main causes of inattention. Teachers recommend optimizing the child’s workspace as much as possible - setting aside a separate quiet place in the house where he can concentrate and prepare his homework.

Inattentive child

“Your child is inattentive, constantly distracted and does not listen to me in class” - these are the comments that parents of restless children most often hear. Is it possible to do something about the fact that the child is inattentive? Let's deal with this problem today.

Let's start with the fact that voluntary attention, namely this characteristic that allows you to focus on one type of activity, is formed by the age of 5-6 years. At an earlier age, if a child is distracted, this is normal; the frontal lobes of the brain are not yet sufficiently developed and perception quickly switches to any strong stimulus. It is primarily younger schoolchildren who face problems concentrating in class.

How to understand that a child is inattentive?

1. Does school assignments quickly and is not particularly versed in details; he may miss the terms of the task or an important description. 2. Makes many mistakes, often due to inattention rather than knowledge of the rules. 3. Gets tired quickly from a small amount of work and begins to be distracted by extraneous matters. 4. Often hovers in his thoughts and dreams - such children often stare at the street during lessons instead of mastering the material. 5. Completes tasks slowly due to frequent switching of attention to other factors, for example, to the phone.

First, let's look at the reasons for inattention.

Hyperactivity is a common problem that parents and teachers talk about. However, hyperactivity as a diagnosis is made by a doctor, so if there is no confirmation, there is no need to label it. And with such a diagnosis, appropriate medical support is necessary. You should not be afraid of doctors, because, in some cases, it is better to take a course of medications to deliver the necessary substances to the brain, and after that it will become easier for the child to communicate with other children, live and study.
Strong excitability of the central nervous system. Here we are talking about the leading temperament - choleric. This is not a disorder, it does not need to be treated, it is a feature of the nervous system. The nervous system is very excitable, which means it quickly moves and is distracted by extraneous stimuli. Temperament can be determined by a psychologist using tests.
An inhibited and slow child is also a feature of temperament. This can usually be noticed already in infancy; such children suckle poorly and sleep a lot. If the attention of such a student is diverted, it will take time to get back into work.
Lack of attention from parents. The child does not receive enough communication with adults, feels a lack of interest in his life, so he often asks for help and is distracted by any other interesting subject.
Frequent or chronic illnesses. Children who miss a lot of school activities have reduced academic performance for physiological reasons. It is difficult to immediately enter the educational process when you have missed several topics and absolutely do not understand what is happening. This can also include overload, when a child cannot cope with the school curriculum, with severe fatigue and stress, it takes twice as much volitional effort to focus on the material.
Lack of motivation. It happens, like in the classroom, when the teacher fails to interest the children in the lesson and include them in the educational process. It’s the same at home if parents are not at all interested in studying and don’t encourage you to get good grades.

An absent-minded or attentive child is not a diagnosis. Parents should remember this, and voluntary attention can be trained even from a young age.

If you recognize your child from the description above, these recommendations are for you.

If the diagnosis of hyperactivity is confirmed, it is necessary to take a course of medications and attend classes with a child psychologist or psychotherapist.
It is useless to scold a child or use punishment. External pressure creates negativity and reluctance to learn at all. Give enough emotional “strokes”: praise, play, hug the child.
Choleric people need to take more breaks and change activities more often. You can do physical. 5-7 minutes each if you notice that the child has begun to get distracted.
When doing homework, remove extraneous stimuli: toys, telephone, coloring books. Create silence in the room and do not distract the child.
If a child misses a lot of lessons, it is better to review the material studied with a parent or tutor.

Exercises and games to develop attention

Choose those that your child will like. Remember, the main thing in the game is to enjoy the process.

Drawings where you need to connect the dots in the correct order, usually connect the numbers in order to make the image appear.
"Find 10 differences". Pictures where you need to find different elements between two images.
“Where did you hide?” There are many elements drawn on such images, among which you need to find gnomes, little men or other creatures; if you print them out, it will be more convenient - you can color the ones you find.
Game “Prohibited Movement”. Usually performed with a group of children, but can be adapted for games with an adult or older child. Rules: a leader is selected (most often an adult) and a prohibited movement, for example, you cannot raise your hands up. Children repeat all the movements after the leader; if they do something forbidden, they lose.
“Pathfinder.” A game best played in a less crowded room. The child closes his eyes or leaves the room, the adult hides some object, for example, a pen. The child’s task is to find it in this room. Important: the item must be in plain sight. You can discuss in advance the places where we don’t hide, for example, in the closet, so that the child doesn’t make a mess.
Find the numbers in order in the picture. You can print and play several times until the child learns where all the numbers are located. (Example picture at the beginning of the article).

Inattention can be either a symptom of current problems in a child’s life or be associated with the characteristics of his physiology. It is important to understand the reason on which to base further correction.

Patience to you, dear parents, and psychological health!

On the Razumeikin website, your child can complete online exercises to develop attention.

Author: Teacher-psychologist Rastopchina Alexandra Nikolaevna

Inattention in class

Developing memory and attention is a direct path to straight A's. The main reason for the absent-mindedness of a primary school student is the insufficient participation of parents in the educational process or its complete absence. To develop a child’s attentiveness as much as possible, you need to work with him from the first day of school, including vacations. First of all, it is necessary to find out what teachers and parents mean by the concept of “inattention”. Secondly, observe how absent-mindedness manifests itself in the child.

There are often cases when a student is inattentive in a particular discipline. This means that the subject is not interesting to him or the teacher is unable to interest the children. If confusion continues at home, something is probably bothering the baby.

Exercises to strengthen memory and attention

Exercise with your child, training his memory

A child needs to develop his memory in a playful way. This will make it more interesting for the baby to study. Concentration is well trained with the help of daily tests, which can be from five to ten.

You can stimulate motor memory by playing active games with repetitive movements. For example, tell your child to sit down, then stand up, raise his arms up, and hop on one leg. It is important to first demonstrate to the baby what he should do, and then ask him to repeat your actions.
To train your visual memory, you can resort to completing the missing details in the drawing. So you can show the child some picture, and then give the same image, but with the absence of certain details, offering to complete what is missing. There is another task: for example, five objects are placed on the table in front of the child, after which they ask the child to close his eyes, during this time they remove one object and ask which object has disappeared.
To train auditory memory, you can pronounce up to five words in front of your child, then ask him to repeat what he heard in the same sequence.
When training long-term memory, ask your baby about what happened to him throughout the day. Let the child tell what he did in the morning, what he did at lunch, what he did in the evening. In this case, you can use suggestive clues like: “what did you eat in the garden for breakfast.”
Reading books and then retelling the contents has a good effect on strengthening memory. It is only necessary to give preference to those works that are written for children, using correctly composed sentences. Also important is the presence of colorful illustrations.
Rewriting texts has a beneficial effect on attention training. Give your child short stories that will need to be thoughtfully copied into a notebook. At the same time, it is important that this activity is regular and the text is small so that the child does not get tired. First, you need the child to read one paragraph out loud, and then rewrite it, pronouncing phrases or words, then repeat it with the next paragraph. This is how the child remembers both the correct spelling of words and the meaning of the text.
You can learn poetry starting from the age of three. First, you should select light works written specifically for children, with a plot that is understandable for the baby. An excellent option are the poems of Agnia Barto. First, learn short poems, literally four lines, and when starting to study new poems, repeat those previously studied.
Board games such as checkers, chess, backgammon and even children's lotto have a beneficial effect on the development of attention and also train the child's memory.

Do exercises with your little one to train memory and concentrate. This includes the option of memorizing poetry, solving logical problems, and solving crossword puzzles.

How to help your child become more attentive?

In an effort to help a child, adults need to be guided by just one rule - you need to educate not the baby, but yourself. This work is not easy, it takes a lot of effort and time, but the result will be simply stunning! By and large, not much is required from parents:

Contact specialists in the field of psychology and neuroscience. It is possible that the child became inattentive for medical reasons. The sooner the real reason is known, the faster and more effective the measures to correct child behavior will be.
Provide assistance in the child's learning process. You shouldn’t complete all the tasks for him, but it’s also not recommended to leave him alone with problems. Parents should always be there and praise even the slightest successes. This way the child will gain self-confidence. It is important to develop the habit of independently rechecking completed tasks. Are there any careless errors? Give a symbolic gift!
Develop a rational daily routine. Every parent strives to raise a fully developed genius from their child, burdening the small body with impossible physical and psychological stress. Such zeal can significantly harm the child. Moms and dads run the risk of not being able to raise even an ordinary child who does not have problems with attention.
Why is the child distracted and inattentive? Perhaps the elders did not take care of organizing the correct working environment for the ward. The desk should be comfortable, the room should be quiet while work is being done, and parents should respect their child’s work.
Power control. Unhealthy food that is heavy on the stomach makes you tired; too much of it causes distraction and apathy. The diet should include vitamins for a schoolchild, a sufficient amount of dietary meat, fresh vegetables and fruits.
Motivate, teach to highlight important matters and relegate unimportant ones to the background. Every child prefers computer games to lessons. It is necessary to make it clear to a small family member that without knowledge you can lose a computer, since technological progress requires a person to be educated and erudite.
Every job started must be completed. The motto “And so it will do” should be prohibited in your family. This rule applies not only to the younger generation, but also to the older generation.

It is important to understand that all efforts made in the fight against a child’s inattention will be nullified without daily classes and exercises. They are simple, accessible, and do not require special time or emotional investment. In return, they will provide an entertaining pastime and a great mood.

Adviсe

Teach your child to order, let him know where and what he has.

Read as much as possible with your child, talk about different topics, analyze what happened during the day. This way you will not only stimulate the child’s memory, but also have a good time together, expand your little one’s vocabulary, and instill a love of books.

Create a daily routine. If you teach your child to be organized, you can use a timer and other reminders for this purpose, then he will begin to develop the right habits.
Increase your child's self-esteem. It is very important that the child believes in himself. It is unacceptable to tell a child that he is somehow defective for being so forgetful.
Allow your baby to be more independent, independent of your reminders. A child whose parents are overprotective and try to do everything for him can be forgetful. Such a child will not learn to be self-organized, therefore, he will forget something all his life. The child must understand that he is responsible for his inactions or actions.
If you are the parents of a preschooler, then you can take care of placing marks on clothes, by which the child will recognize his things.
Ask your child to double-check himself. Having completed some task, he talked about what he had done up to that moment.
Make sure your toddler has plenty of physical activity and daily walks in the fresh air.
If your baby has lost something, do not rush to immediately purchase a replacement. In such a situation, it is important that the child has time to understand what happened. Having felt the consequences of his forgetfulness, next time he will be more attentive to his own things.
Make sure that your baby’s room is always in order, all things are in their place, and there are no distractions. Teach your child to have order. Tell your baby that every thing should have its own place. Teach your child to hang up his school uniform after coming home and tuck his hat into his sleeve.
In the situation of packing a backpack for school, in the first stages, parents should collect the backpack together with their child, saying what they are putting in, asking the child to hand over a textbook, notebook, pencil case. There is no need to do the baby's work instead of him. When your child is ready to pack his own things for school, let him do it. And even if in the first days it turns out that he forgot one textbook or even a diary, this is his experience, and next time he will be more careful when getting ready for school so as not to make the same mistake.
When you go for a walk with your baby, you probably take a few toys with you. To teach your child not to forget his things on the playground, when leaving home, say out loud how many toys you take with you. When you return home, be sure to count the toys again.
If your child has a deficiency of vitamins, then it is necessary to enrich his diet with nuts, vegetables, fish, herbs, legumes, fruits, and eliminate fried, spicy, salty and fatty foods. If necessary, you can consult a doctor who can determine what vitamin your child’s body is lacking and, if necessary, prescribe a multivitamin complex.
If you suspect problems of a neurological or psychological nature, seek help from a specialist.

If a child has lost something, there is no need to search for it yourself. It is important that the baby takes an active part in this process.

If a child forgets his things, actions, does not remember where he was before, does not recognize people he already knew, then this is an alarming bell; it is necessary to contact a specialist to make an accurate diagnosis and receive treatment prescriptions. If your baby only occasionally shows forgetfulness, then it’s time to start training his concentration and memory, because, most likely, in your situation we are not talking about pathology.

“I won’t get lost” - an exercise to develop attention

A simple technique is aimed at developing concentration and eliminating attention distribution disorders in children. The child is asked to count to 31, saying each number out loud. In this case, numbers that contain three or are multiples of this number should not be named. Instead, the student should say “I won’t get lost.” For example: 1, 2, “I won’t get lost,” 4, 5, “I won’t get lost,” 7, 8, “I won’t get lost,” and then up to 31.

"The letter is prohibited"

A typical mindfulness task. An adult names a letter that should not be used in a word. The child is asked a simple question, for example, what is the teacher’s name, what day of the week is it, etc. He must give an answer without hesitation, excluding the forbidden letter from the phrase. For example, the letter “n” is forbidden; when asked what month of the year it is today (November), the child must answer “October”.

The essence of the exercise is simplicity. You should not ask too difficult questions; the student should answer without hesitation or hesitation. If the wrong answer was given, the partners change roles - the child becomes the leader and asks his questions.

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Recommendations for parents on developing attention

Do they often complain to you that the child is inattentive, fidgets and fidgets in class, and doesn’t listen to the assignment? Well, let's figure out what attention is and how you can develop it in your child.

Attention has certain properties: volume, stability, concentration, selectivity, distribution, switchability and arbitrariness. Violation of each of these properties leads to deviations in the child’s behavior and activities.

A small amount of attention is the inability to concentrate on several objects at the same time and keep them in mind. Insufficient concentration and stability of attention - it is difficult for a child to maintain attention for a long time without being distracted or weakening it. Insufficient selectivity of attention - a child cannot concentrate on exactly that part of the material which is necessary to solve the task. The ability to switch attention is poorly developed - it is difficult for a child to switch from performing one type of activity to another. For example, if you first checked how your child remembered a poem, and then, at the same time, decided to test him in mathematics, then he will not be able to answer you well. The child will make many mistakes, although he knows the right answers. It’s just hard for him to quickly switch from one type of task to another. Poorly developed ability to distribute attention - the inability to effectively (without errors) perform several tasks at the same time. Insufficient arbitrariness of attention - the child finds it difficult to concentrate attention on demand.

Such shortcomings can be eliminated by “attention exercises” in the process of specially organized work. But parents can also contribute if they use these exercises at home in a free and relaxed manner.

It is important for parents and teachers to know that in preschoolers under 5–6 years of age, involuntary attention predominates. It is passive in nature, imposed on the child from the outside and skillfully organized by adults. This manifests itself in rapid distractibility, inability to concentrate on one thing, and in frequent changes of activities. Studies have shown that verbal activity (memorizing poetry, oral explanation, etc.) causes child fatigue most of all. According to physiologists, most often preschoolers are distracted by emotionally rather than informationally attractive objects.

Even before starting school, the child gradually develops voluntary attention, which involves carefully completing any task, both interesting and uninteresting. It requires strong-willed efforts from the child. The level of development of voluntary attention (amount of attention, its stability, the presence of an internal plan of action) largely determines the success of a child’s education at school.

Thus, the amount of attention affects mastering the skill of counting, concentration of attention is necessary for mastering reading, and learning to write requires a developed distribution of attention. Sustained attention allows the child to consistently learn about objects in the outside world, without slipping into extraneous connections or unimportant characteristics. The presence of stable attention is a necessary condition for the formation of an internal action plan. The ability to develop an internal plan of action allows the child to operate in his mind with images, concepts, and diagrams.

It is important for adults to know that already in preschool childhood, individual differences in the degree of stability of attention are observed in different children. Sustainability of attention depends on several reasons:

type of nervous activity of the child;
general condition of the body;
emotional state of the child;
having an interest in the activity;
conditions in which the child is engaged.

Nervous and sick children are more likely to be distracted than calm and healthy children. In a quiet and calm environment, the child will be less distracted than in a room where the TV is on or there is an animated conversation. An angry or upset child is less able to work attentively.

Take charge of the child’s attention, involve him in various activities, highlighting their attractive sides. Remember that what is most attractive to a child is what is visual, emotional, and unexpected.

A universal means of organizing attention is speech. While completing a task, older preschoolers often recite the instructions out loud. Thus, a word in the form of an instruction or demand from an adult helps the child manage his attention. The most effective would be step-by-step instructions: first, the child is told the entire task, and when completed, they are given it systematically in parts (steps). Such instructions will organize the child’s attention and will facilitate the planning of his activities.

When giving a task to a child, remember that your instructions should be specific, step-by-step, understandable, and comprehensive.

If you want your child to be attentive when completing tasks, take care of your child’s good physical well-being and mood. Create silence in the room where he is studying, reduce the number of distractions: loud sounds, emotional speech, bright pictures and toys, interesting magazines and books, moving objects.

A child can be distracted by external and internal stimuli, such as his own emotional states or extraneous associations. The child needs to develop a mechanism for “dealing with interference” and focus it on completing the main activity.

To do this, give the child a task that requires effort slightly beyond the child’s potential. Words that inhibit children’s distractions should not have a negative connotation (“Don’t get distracted!”, “Don’t look around!”, “Don’t touch the cars!”). A more successful option might be the following statements: “Let’s finish the line”, “Now let’s color the cap and play”, “Look, you only have two letters left to write!”

The development of stability of attention will be facilitated by the child having a hobby, interest, or activity that is especially interesting to him. By focusing his attention on it, the baby will gain experience of an increasingly higher degree of concentration. Concentration involves being so focused on what you are doing that you don’t notice everything happening around you.

When developing children's attention, it is important to remember that interruption of activities depletes the child's mental resources. The draining effect of interruptions is greatly affected by repeated interruptions and the need to return to the original activity again and again. The vast majority of children, in conditions of repeated interruption of activity, are unable to work at all.

Techniques for consciously switching a child’s attention can be specially taught. Switching is made easier if adults tell the baby about what he has to do, what he should be distracted from, when he needs to stop and start a new activity. So, after studying and taking a short break to rest, the baby has difficulty returning to work. It is also difficult for a preschooler to realize the end of one or another stage of work; this moment can also be indicated by some kind of visual sign. Switching attention is a transfer from one object to another, from one type of activity to another. This property of attention is especially in demand in learning; it helps to quickly navigate in any environment, including a school lesson.

It is important to remember that the distribution of attention depends on the physiological and psychological state of the child. When tired and performing difficult tasks, it usually decreases. This is especially noticeable when teaching a child to write.

Educational games and exercises

Exercise “Yes and No - don’t say.” You can simply agree on which words or parts of speech cannot be said and then ask a variety of questions. There should be a lot of questions. This is a frank test of attention. For example, such as: Did you have breakfast today? Do you like your hairstyle? Today is Monday? Are you late for class today? Is it winter now? You have a brother? Do you sleep at night? Etc. The child should not answer “yes” and “no”, but replace these words with another answer

Game “What has changed?” Development of concentration, volume, distribution of attention and visual memory. Small objects (eraser, pencil, notepad, match, etc. in the amount of 8-10 pieces) are laid out on the table. For 30 seconds, the child looks and remembers the location of objects; then the child turns his back to the table, and at this time 2-3 objects are transferred to other places. Again, 30 seconds are given to examine the objects, after which we ask the player: what has changed in the arrangement of the objects, which of them have been moved? Exercises to develop stability and switching attention. Call your child various words: table, bed, cup, pencil, bear, fork, etc. The baby listens carefully and claps his hands when he comes across a word that means, for example, an animal. If the baby gets confused, repeat the game from the beginning. Another time, suggest that your child stand up every time he hears a plant word. Then combine the first and second tasks, i.e. The baby claps his hands when he hears words for animals, and stands up when he hears the name of a plant. These and similar exercises develop attentiveness, speed of distribution and switching of attention, and, in addition, expand the child’s horizons and cognitive activity.

Corrector. This exercise trains attention very well. To develop sustained attention, give your child a small text (newspaper, magazine) and ask him to cross out a letter (for example, O) while looking through each line. Then, to train distribution and switching of attention, change the task. For example, like this: “In each line, cross out the letter O, and circle the letter P.” After a few days, give the child his own work - let him check it himself and find omissions and errors (play teacher)

Exercise “Color your other half.” Exercises to develop concentration. You need to prepare several half-colored pictures (you can cut the coloring sheets in half vertically). And the child must color the second half of the picture in the same way as the first half was painted. This task can be complicated by asking the child to first complete the second half of the picture and then color it. (This could be a butterfly, dragonfly, house, Christmas tree, etc.).

Exercise “Numerical table”. Show your child a table with a set of numbers from 1 to 9 (16, 25), which are arranged in random order. Tell him: “Try to find, show and say out loud the numbers from 1 to 9 (16) as quickly as possible.” Most children 5-7 years old complete this task in 1.5-2 minutes and with almost no errors. Another variation of this game: prepare a table with 16 (25) cells, on which numbers from 1 to 21 (30) are written in random order, of which 5 numbers are missing. Ask your child to find and show all the numbers in a row, and write down the missing numbers (if he cannot write down the numbers, then just have him tell them to you).

Exercise “Follow the pattern” (training concentration and voluntary attention). The exercise includes the task of drawing repeating patterns in cells. Each of the patterns requires increased attention of the child, because... requires him to perform several sequential actions: a) analysis of each element of the pattern; b) correct reproduction of each element; c) maintaining a sequence for a long time. When performing this type of task, it is important not only how accurately the child reproduces the sample (concentration), but also how long he can work without errors. Therefore, each time try to gradually increase the time it takes to complete one pattern. To get started, 5 minutes is enough. Options for cellular patterns may vary. Improvise.

“Find the differences” Goal: developing the ability to concentrate on details. The child draws any simple picture (a cat, a house, etc.) and passes it to an adult, but turns away. The adult completes a few details and returns the picture. The child should notice what has changed in the drawing. Then the adult and child can switch roles. There are also factory games “Find 10 (15) differences”. Invite your child to look at pictures that, for example, show two gnomes (or two kittens, or two fish). At first glance they are exactly the same. But, looking more closely, you can see that this is not so. Let your child try to spot the differences. You can also select several pictures with ridiculous content and ask your child to find the inconsistencies.

"Speak!" Goal: developing the ability to control impulsive actions. Say the following: “I will ask you simple and difficult questions. But it will be possible to answer them only when I give the command: “Speak!” Let's practice: "What time of year is it now?" (pause) “Speak!”; “What color is our ceiling?”... “Speak!”; “What day of the week is it today?” ... “Speak!”; "How much is two plus three?" etc." You can change the signal: for example, answer after clapping, stamping, etc. Gradually increase the pauses between questions and answers or alternate their duration.

Game “Three Points” The game stimulates the development of attention span. You invite the child to take a position that is comfortable for him and freeze in it, that is, not move. In this case, the child must listen and remember three points of the task. Then you say, “One, two, three—run!” - and the child quickly completes all the points of the task, and exactly in the sequence in which they were spoken. The tasks can be very different, for example: 1. The simplest task: - Point one. Clap your hands three times; - Point two. Name some furniture; - Point three. Stand next to an object made of wood. When the child gets comfortable with the rules of the game, you can offer him a more complicated version. 2. Complicated task: - Point one. Jump as many times as you are old; - Point two. Write the name of the waterfowl in your notebook; - Point three. Stand next to an object that begins with the letter "S". The task can be complicated by increasing the number of points to 4-5.

Game "Little Beetle". “Now we will play this game. You see, in front of you is a field lined up into squares. A beetle is crawling across this field. The beetle moves on command. It can move down, up, right, left. I will dictate your moves, and you will move the beetle across the field in the right direction. Do it mentally. You cannot draw or move your finger across the field! Attention? Let's start. One cell up, one cell left. One cell down. One cell to the left. One cell down. Show me where the beetle stopped.” If the child finds it difficult to complete the task mentally, then first you can let him show each movement of the beetle with his finger, or make a beetle and move it across the field. It is important that as a result the child learns to mentally navigate the cellular field. You can come up with a variety of tasks for the beetle. When the field of 16 cells has been mastered, proceed to move along the field of 25, 36 cells, complicate the tasks with moves: 2 cells diagonally to the right and down, 3 cells to the left, etc.

Exercise "Beads".

To work, you need at least six felt-tip pens or colored pencils. The work consists of two parts: Part I - drawing the beads, Part II - checking the work and, if necessary, redrawing the beads.

Instruction I: “You have a thread drawn on your piece of paper. On this thread you need to draw five round beads so that the thread passes through the middle of the beads. All beads must be different colors, the middle bead must be blue.” Instruction II: “Now I’ll tell you again what kind of beads you needed to draw, and you check your drawings to see if you did everything correctly. If you notice a mistake, make a new drawing nearby.” (The test condition is repeated again at a slow pace, each condition is highlighted by voice.) The conditions can be changed each time: increase the number of beads, change the color, etc.

Game “What happens?” By playing this game, children will learn to compare, generalize the properties of objects and, finally, understand the meaning of such concepts as height, width, length; classify objects by shape, size, color. First, the adult asks the questions, and the child answers. Then you need to give the child the opportunity to express himself. Examples: - What is tall? (tree, pillar, person, house). Here it is appropriate to ask what is taller - a tree or a house; person or pillar. - What is long? (short) - What is wide (narrow)? — What is round (square)? A variety of concepts can be included in the game: what is fluffy, soft, hard, sharp, cold, white, black, etc.

"Observation"

With this exercise, an inattentive child will be able to develop visual attention. Mom or Dad should invite him to remember objects that he has encountered many times. There are a lot of options - grandma's apartment, the way to school, the location of attractions on the playground. It is necessary to describe in as much detail as possible, paying attention to even insignificant details.

The game can be a team game. For example, one of the children acts as a responder, and the others prompt him or complete the answer.

Educational game for attention “Palms”

The described attentiveness task is perfect for children with impaired concentration. Several players (the more, the more interesting) sit in a circle and place their palms on the knees of their neighbors. The right hand of each participant should lie on the left knee of the neighbor on the right, and the left hand on the right knee of the neighbor on the left. At the command of an adult (you can turn on fast, catchy music), you should raise your palms one by one, forming a smooth wave. Guys who raise their hands at the wrong time are excluded from the circle of players. The winner will be the one whose palm remains in the game last.

"It flies - it doesn't fly"

A game for developing attention for children, aimed at training its voluntary switching. Participants sit in a semicircle. The presenter, teacher or parent begins to list the items. If the spoken object is flying, children must raise their arms above their heads, otherwise they must sit still.

As soon as the guys get the hang of it, the boss can begin to play tricks by raising his hand up on a non-flying object. Due to the power of imitation, the hands of some participants will rise intuitively.

The task of each child participant is to raise their hands deliberately, not paying attention to the actions of the neighbors and the leader.

Possible reasons

A child who has their head in the clouds a lot may be forgetful

When thinking about why a child does not remember recent events in his life or forgets things, parents are interested in the possible reasons for what is happening. We will look at the most common options.

The presence of disorganization. In a situation where there is no routine in a child’s life, all events are beyond control, it is not surprising that he loses his things or forgets to do something.
The mistake of parents who do everything instead of the child. They can collect toys and put away their school bags, thereby preventing their child from developing independence and organization. A mother may think that it is easier for her to do everything herself, making life easier for the child, preventing possible forgetfulness of a particular subject, for example, a textbook. However, by this action she leads to the fact that sooner or later the baby will need to make a decision on his own, and then he will face a number of problems.
Forgetfulness can be a form of passive protest. As a rule, it manifests itself in families with a strict type of upbringing, when more is demanded from the child than he can due to his age. At the same time, the child may say that he forgot to do something, but in fact he is simply deceiving. In a situation where a student repeatedly forgets the sports uniform that was prepared for him in the most visible place, there may be a hidden reluctance to go to physical education lessons. For example, a child may be embarrassed by his awkwardness, clumsiness, and be afraid of being ridiculed by classmates.
Forgetfulness can be a consequence of fear. For example, in a situation where a child is told over and over again that something needs to be done, by shouting or voicing a request in a commanding tone. The baby does not hear what is asked of him, he only sees his angry parents and thinks that they do not love him.
There are a lot of new things around. In a situation where a child finds himself in an environment where there are a lot of toys, his eyes widen, he wants to touch and look at everything, it is not surprising that, distracted by a new object, he forgets about the one he came with. For example, when a baby finds himself in a sandbox where other children are playing with their toys, he forgets about his cars, concentrating all his attention on what the other toddlers are playing with. Therefore, you can often find forgotten toys in the sandbox.
The approach of parents is wrong when they try to instill in their child the need to share with other children, to be generous, and not to be greedy. In such a situation, a child can get used to the idea that he has nothing of his own, that all his toys belong to other children, and over time he stops appreciating what he has and begins to forget his things.
Confusion and forgetfulness can occur in a child who is surrounded by excessive care from his mother or several nannies at once (for example, mother, aunt, grandmother). With their guardianship, they do not allow the child to be independent.
Having a lot of your own things. In a situation where a child is constantly bombarded with new gifts, bought a lot of clothes and shoes, he simply gets lost in this huge variety. Such a child does not value his things, does not pay attention to the condition and where they are.
Consequence of not enough mental training. Perhaps you don't exercise enough with your child or don't do memory training exercises with him, which are recommended to be done daily.
Memory problems can arise in a situation where a child lacks interest or lacks sufficient motivation to do something. In this case, you can note that the baby easily remembers some things and other events completely fly out of his head.
An example from close surroundings. In a situation where there is an absent-minded person in the family, you should not be surprised when the child begins to copy his behavior, even unconsciously. In this case, it is important to start with yourself, change, and then, using your example, the child will also change.
Full immersion. A situation when a baby is completely immersed in a game, cartoon or communication with another child, forgetting about everything that surrounds him. Such enthusiasm leads to the fact that the little one later cannot remember what was asked of him, what was happening at that moment when he was immersed, for example, in a cartoon.
Lack of vitamins affects the occurrence of problems with concentration and memory.
Consequence of psychological trauma. A stressful event, such as a parent's divorce, the death of a loved one, or moving to another city, can also lead to confusion and forgetfulness.
Forgetfulness and problems with concentration may be a symptom of neurosis, encephalopathy and other ailments diagnosed by a neurologist. In such a situation, drug therapy cannot be avoided.

There was an incident in my life that I remember to this day. In the fifth grade, I went to school, having forgotten my backpack at home. I realized that I had come without him, already in class. I don’t remember what preceded this event, how could I be so forgetful, but this was an isolated case, so if your baby is absent-minded and forgets his things, this is not an indicator of the presence of a neurological pathology.

Riddles for developing attention

Riddles for attentiveness will help in a playful way to increase a child’s intelligence and ability to concentrate.

Riddle No. 1. The chest lies at the bottom of the ocean. It has everything but one thing. What is it about?

Answer: emptiness.

Riddle #2: A plane flies from Berlin to New Mexico. You are his navigator. There will be one change in Paris. What is the navigator's last name?

Answer: defendant's name.

Riddle No. 3. You are locked in a dark room, holding a box with one match inside. There is a kerosene lamp in the corner, a gas stove on the table, and a candle in a glass. Which item will have to be lit first?

Answer: A match. An excellent riddle for attentiveness and the ability to find the simplest solution to a problem.

Riddle No. 4. How many black peppercorns will fit into one glass glass?

Answer: None, peas don’t go.

Riddle No. 5. It started pouring rain, I had to open my umbrella. What umbrella am I standing under?

Answer: Under wet. Simple logic problem.

Riddle No. 6. Two men are walking towards each other. They are absolutely identical in age, height, etc. Which of the men will be the first to say hello?

Answer: The most polite.

Riddle No. 7. Seven sisters live in the country, no one sits idle. The first girl watches TV, the second cooks dinner, the third does a crossword puzzle, the fourth plays chess, the fifth takes care of plants, the sixth washes clothes. What does the seventh sister do?

Answer: plays chess (this is a doubles game, so the fourth is unlikely to play alone).