Is it possible to make manta after an illness for a child: what to expect?

You can’t do mantu after an illness; you need to wait a certain period for the body and, in particular, the immune system to fully recover. Even a common cold without an increase in body temperature is a reason to withdraw for 5-7 days. More serious diseases require medical withdrawal from Mantoux for at least 1 month. For example, after chickenpox a child is not vaccinated for 6 months, after measles - 1.5-3 months, after mononucleosis - almost 12 months.

If parents refuse the test

Recently, a lot of unprofessional and unreliable information has appeared about the dangers of the Mantoux test. So, on the Internet, on social networks, there are scary stories about the toxicity of this diagnostic test due to the phenol it contains. Therefore, the number of parents who refuse to have their children tested has increased significantly. Evgeny Komarovsky claims that the administration of tuberculin in no way poses any danger to the child.

Phenol as a preservative is indeed contained in the drug, which is administered intradermally, but its amount is very small (about the same amount is contained in 5-6 ml of urine). By the way, phenol is a natural substance for the human body; it, as a breakdown product of certain compounds, is excreted in the urine. In order for a child to be exposed to the toxic effects of tuberculin, he needs to administer about a thousand doses per day!

Very often, parents have a question about whether they should give their child antihistamines before the test. Evgeny Komarovsky argues that this cannot be done. Since the main purpose of the Mantoux test is to see if there is an allergic reaction to tuberculin, antihistamines may interfere with this.

There is no concept of a single “norm” when conducting a tuberculin test in children.

Doctor Komarovsky

Judging by your diet, you don’t care about your immune system or your body at all. You are very susceptible to diseases of the lungs and other organs! It's time to love yourself and start improving. It is urgent to adjust your diet, to minimize fatty, starchy, sweet and alcoholic foods. Eat more vegetables and fruits, dairy products. Feed the body by taking vitamins, drink more water (precisely purified, mineral). Strengthen your body and reduce the amount of stress in your life.

You are susceptible to moderate lung diseases.

So far it’s good, but if you don’t start taking care of her more carefully, then diseases of the lungs and other organs won’t keep you waiting (if the prerequisites haven’t already existed). And frequent colds, intestinal problems and other “delights” of life accompany weak immunity. You should think about your diet, minimize fatty, flour, sweets and alcohol. Eat more vegetables and fruits, dairy products. To nourish the body by taking vitamins, do not forget that you need to drink a lot of water (precisely purified, mineral water). Strengthen your body, reduce the amount of stress in your life, think more positively and your immune system will be strong for many years to come.

Congratulations! Keep it up!

You care about your nutrition, health and immune system. Continue in the same spirit and problems with your lungs and health in general will not bother you for many years to come. Don't forget that this is mainly due to you eating right and leading a healthy lifestyle. Eat proper and healthy food (fruits, vegetables, dairy products), do not forget to drink plenty of purified water, strengthen your body, think positively. Just love yourself and your body, take care of it and it will definitely reciprocate your feelings.

The result of the Mantoux test depends on the state of the immune system

person.
When a person is sick, his immunity is weakened, various infections lead to a weakening of the body’s defenses, which can affect the results of the study and cause the development of adverse reactions
.

In order for the body’s response to the tuberculin test to be adequate, it is recommended to administer it only to healthy children

So is it possible to do Mantu after an illness? It is possible, but not right away: since different infectious pathologies progress differently, it is important that the test is carried out during a period when the patient has already fully recovered

In most cases, it is recommended to carry out tuberculin diagnostics for children if at least two weeks

. The peculiarities of the infectious process in some diseases create the need to take a longer pause between recovery and testing.

The danger of the Mantoux reaction before recovery

It is important to understand that although Mantoux is popularly called a “vaccination,” this is technically incorrect. Tuberculin diagnostics checks the body's response to the introduction of specific protein structures, but is not involved in the formation of immunity

And the negative consequences that can develop in the patient after the test are performed are caused by an allergy to the components of the composition injected under the skin.

Dr. Komarovsky also notes that Mantoux is done before the start of a course of preventive vaccinations.

Among the common side effects:

heat;
symptoms of general malaise - poor appetite, increased fatigue, drowsiness of the patient, muscle weakness;
vomit;
runny nose;
skin rashes;
redness of the area around the injection area;
other manifestations of allergies, including angioedema and anaphylactic shock.

The degree of manifestation is influenced by many factors. It is extremely difficult to know in advance whether an allergy will develop. The doctor can make some assumptions about the patient's tendency to demonstrate a pathological reaction. For example, people who have recently had an infectious disease are at risk.

Adverse reactions to the test in children:

skin itching;
various types of rash;
redness;
hives;
the development of severe conditions in which it is no longer possible to do without urgent medical attention.

A characteristic feature of Mantoux’s “side effects” is the lack of clear localization of allergic manifestations. They can appear directly at the place where the injection was given and on other parts of the body.

Contraindications to the Mantoux test

There are periods in life or conditions in which contraindications to the manta ray test must be taken into account one hundred percent.

General contraindications should be highlighted:

Acute respiratory and viral infections with which an adult or child is currently suffering.
Presence of elevated body temperature.
Cough and runny nose.
Active course of allergic reactions.

In this case, the manta test should only be postponed until the appointed hour. In a month at most, you can carry out a reaction to manta ray and not worry about the reliability of the results.

Unfortunately, we can say that there are lifelong contraindications to the manta ray test. These include epileptic seizures, psoriasis and some other skin diseases. Although, if the latter are cured, then it is possible to test for manta rays.

What happens if you do a test before recovery?

Often parents do not think about the consequences of conducting a tuberculin test during illness. In addition, pediatricians themselves often insist on it, citing the fact that Mantoux is an allergy test, not a vaccine. Tuberculin, indeed, has nothing to do with vaccination against diseases such as polio, whooping cough, diphtheria, and so on. However, this does not mean that the issue can be resolved negligently. If a child gets sick very often, then it is worth consulting an immunologist.

It is categorically not recommended to make Manta during a period when the child is sick (for example, an acute respiratory infection with a cough and runny nose), or there are other functional disorders in the body, since the administered drug can provoke more serious suppression of the immune system. At the same time, body temperature rises, appetite worsens, and so on. As a result, the disease existing at the time of injection will develop complications. Moreover, the result of a test taken during the acute phase of the disease or exacerbation of a chronic disease (for example, various types of dermatitis) will most likely be false positive, which will be a reason to visit a phthisiatrician. Therefore, if the immune system is severely weakened, you should refuse not only Mantoux, but also any kind of vaccination.

Parents should closely monitor their health and immunity and strengthen it. Proper hardening is best suited for this (it is better to start hardening in the warm season), as well as sports. The child should be temporarily protected from possible sources of infection. Doing Mantu, if there is no urgency, is also preferable closer to the summer, when there are no outbreaks of acute respiratory infections, acute respiratory viral infections, or influenza, so that the test result is as informative as possible.

Let's summarize:

making Mantoux immediately after an illness is strictly prohibited;
The Mantoux test is strongly recommended after the child has fully recovered;
the consequences of introducing tuberculin into a weakened body can be unpredictable.

Is it possible to make Mantoux at a temperature

Mass diagnosis of tuberculosis is recommended for children and adolescents annually, starting from the age of one, since this age group of patients is more vulnerable to the negative consequences of this disease than adults. There is no point in testing vaccinated children before one year of age: the reaction will be inaccurate or even erroneous, usually a false negative. This is due to age-related development of the immune system. If vaccination against tuberculosis was not carried out in the maternity hospital, the Mantoux test is done, starting from 6 months, twice a year. Before this age, tuberculin diagnostics is impractical, because the infant’s body is not able to adequately respond to the administered drug.

The tuberculin test helps solve several problems:

determine primary infection, that is, identify patients in whom the tuberculosis bacillus is detected for the first time;
identify patients infected for more than one year in whom a hyperergic reaction was recorded when measuring the papule;
identify patients infected for more than one year in whom the diameter of the infiltrate has increased by more than 6 mm compared to the previous examination;
diagnose tuberculosis in patients who are infected with Koch's bacillus but do not show specific symptoms of the disease. In some cases, the results of the Mantoux test are considered sufficient to confirm the diagnosis (in standard situations, the final verdict is made after receiving transcripts of fluorographic examination and bacteriological analysis of sputum);
identification of a contingent of children subject to BCG revaccination. The selection of children is made based on the results of the Mantoux test conducted at 6-7 and 14-15 years old. Vaccination is allowed only to healthy patients with a negative reaction to the injected allergen.

Due to the fact that children often get sick, the question arises: is it allowed to administer Mantu at a fever? In the absence of an allergy to the components of the sample, tuberculin is absolutely harmless to the body. Not being a vaccination, the procedure cannot lead to infection in case of weakened immunity. But still, one of the contraindications to performing the Mantoux test is an increase in body temperature, along with skin diseases, acute and aggravated chronic somatic diseases, allergies, and epilepsy. This procedure is strictly prohibited at a temperature of 38 degrees Celsius - such a symptom indicates the presence of a serious disease. In other cases, there is a risk of getting incorrect indicators due to a non-standard reaction of the body due to a lack or, conversely, an excess of antibodies that arise when inflammatory processes are suppressed.

In order for the Mantoux reaction in a child to be as accurate as possible, it is not recommended to pre-administer antipyretic or antiallergic drugs - this approach is only correct for vaccinations, but not for diagnostic procedures. The use of medications hides the real condition, changes the biochemical reaction of the blood, and the size of the papule may change and show incorrect results.

Is it possible to do?

For runny nose and cough

It's better not to take risks

Many children, unfortunately, are susceptible to frequent colds, but this does not eliminate the need for tuberculin tests. If a child is sick, parents fear that the administration of tuberculin will further worsen their child’s condition.

First, you should make sure that your runny nose and cough are actually caused by a cold and not an allergic reaction. The symptoms of the two can be very similar. If an allergic reaction in the form of rhinitis is regular, this is not a reason to refuse the Mantoux test.

If the problem is still a cold, then rhinitis and cough, dry or wet, will not become stronger under the influence of the drug for mantoux. In some cases, general weakness may appear that is not associated with a cold. But a weakened body can give a false positive reaction to a tuberculosis test, so it is better to wait for complete recovery, and only a couple of weeks after that return to the question of performing Mantoux.

For ARVI

During viral infections, the body's defenses are undermined, and the immune system is aimed at fighting the causative agent of the disease. Therefore, if at this moment the child was given a manta, the reaction can also be positive or questionable.

In many cases, viral infections are a strong stress for the body and are sometimes expressed by unexpected symptoms. Therefore, it is better to wait with any intervention during this period until the immune defense is completely restored.

At a temperature

A rise in temperature is evidence of a malfunction in the body. Perhaps this is a signal that the child is beginning to develop an infection or inflammatory process. It is worth observing his condition for several days before deciding whether mantu can be done, and then consult with a pediatrician.

If this is a short-term temperature jump associated, for example, with the vigorous activity of a child who has just been energetically running and jumping, this is not a reason to cancel the test. In any case, before administering tuberculin, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the throat and general health.

For other diseases

You can wait out the infection, but what to do if there is a chronic pathology in the body? Is it possible to administer manta to a patient who has been suffering from dysfunction of internal organs and systems for a long time? There are clear contraindications to the test when:

epilepsy;
rheumatism;
bronchial asthma;
severe allergies;
rashes and other skin disorders at the injection site.

Tuberculin has no effect on the course of these diseases, but the test results cannot be considered reliable. For any other serious chronic disease in the acute stage, it is recommended to refrain from the mantoux test until the period of remission

Another important contraindication is vaccination. If a month has not passed after any of the vaccinations, you should wait a while with mantu

Could there be a fever?

Some parents complain that their child has a fever after Mantoux. There are many reasons for this reaction. A competent pediatrician will be able to determine what led to the fever.

The main reasons for the increase in temperature after Mantoux in a child:

high sensitivity to tuberculin. In this case, the injection site becomes very swollen, red, and painful. Fluid may leak from the puncture. The temperature rises to critical levels. Mantoux is contraindicated for children with such an organism reaction;
allergy. Some people perceive tuberculin as a type of allergen. The immune system reacts strongly to try to get rid of the substance. The baby has the following local manifestations: severe swelling, rashes, itching, redness. General health also worsens. The temperature can rise from the level of low-grade fever to critical levels. In severe cases, respiratory function and heartbeat may be impaired;
infection. It can occur as a result of infection of the body with microbes through the injection site due to physicians’ failure to comply with asepsis rules or when a child introduces an infection into a puncture with dirty hands. In this case, severe swelling and discharge of pus from the puncture will be observed. If a child has latent tuberculosis, the Mantoux test can become a provoking factor in the transition of the disease to an open form;
the presence of inflammatory foci in the body. For example, sinusitis and chronic tonsillitis can worsen after a tuberculin test due to a decrease in the body's defenses;
incubation period of the pathology. Hyperthermia can occur with an infectious or viral disease or a cold. In this case, elevated temperature is not a complication of Mantoux, but a consequence of the development of pathology;
use of low-quality material for performing the Mantoux test. If a drug was used to perform diagnostics, which was produced in violation of technology or stored incorrectly, then the baby may develop a fever, vomiting, dizziness, and loss of consciousness.

In addition to high fever, a child may experience the following accompanying symptoms:

diarrhea;
weakness;
vomit;
cough;
headache;
drowsiness;
dizziness;
poor appetite;
moodiness;
insomnia;
rhinitis.

To exclude the development of adverse reactions to Mantoux, it is necessary to thoroughly examine the child before performing the test.

How long after illness can a Mantoux reaction be performed?

Every parent asks himself this question. Indeed, any infection weakens the immune system to some extent, which means that the Mantoux reaction cannot be predicted.

And in order to understand how long after complete recovery the test can be done, you should understand the characteristics of the disease:

ARVI. This infection is usually easily tolerated by both adults and children. Full recovery after acute respiratory viral infection occurs within 2 weeks. This means that Mantoux is recommended to be carried out after this period;
pneumonia. This case is more complex, since pneumonia occurs differently in all patients. Whether the body has fully recovered, or is it better to wait a little longer, will be decided by the attending physician. And the Mantoux test in this case should be done no earlier than a month after final recovery;
mononucleosis. This viral infection differs from others in that it affects immunocompetent cells. As a result, the body's defenses are noticeably reduced. On the contrary, susceptibility to various viral pathogens increases. A child who has had mononucleosis will need at least a year to recover from the infection. At this time, all kinds of vaccinations and tests should be completely avoided;
chicken pox. The baby’s body recovers completely after chickenpox only after 3-4 weeks. Don't rush to make the button early. The result may be false positive and the child will have to be injected again.

If the test was administered to the baby before he has fully recovered, you need to be prepared for possible undesirable symptoms:

fever and drowsiness;
poor appetite and skin rashes. Including redness at the site of tuberculin injection;
various allergies. The most dangerous of them is anaphylaxis.

You should know that allergic manifestations in the form of rash, itching or hives can appear anywhere on the baby’s body.

How long after to put Manta?

To determine how long after recovery you can do the Mantoux test, you need to know the characteristics of the disease.

Photo 1. Infectious diseases are caused by viruses, bacteria and other pathogenic microorganisms that enter the body.

ARVI

Acute respiratory infection is tolerated by most children and adults without consequences for the body. The recovery period after ARVI is about two weeks

. To avoid the development of adverse reactions when conducting diagnostics with tuberculin and to obtain reliable research results, it is recommended to do the Mantoux test no earlier than two weeks after treatment.

Pneumonia

may vary between patients

.
How much time will be needed to restore the body is determined in each case by the attending physician based on both the results of the study and the therapy performed. at least one month
before the Mantoux test .

Varicella (chickenpox), measles

The period for complete recovery of a child’s body after chickenpox is 3-4 weeks.

.
It is not recommended to administer Manta until at least three months have passed since the moment of recovery. There is no need to rush into carrying out tuberculin diagnostics, but if a false positive result is detected, you will definitely have to undergo additional examination
by a phthisiatrician.

Mononucleosis

This infectious disease can seriously weaken the patient's body. Therefore, the recovery period usually reaches a year

.
After suffering from mononucleosis, you should avoid any tests and vaccinations for at least 12 months
.

In addition, sick children are limited in contact with strangers, since due to a decrease in the body’s defenses

During illness, the likelihood of developing various infectious diseases, including tuberculosis, immediately increases.

This need is associated with the characteristics of the infectious process in mononucleosis. Unlike other inflammatory diseases, this pathology primarily affects cells involved in creating immunity.

body. As a result, its activity decreases and vulnerability to the effects of various pathogens increases. Intradermal administration of tuberculin in this case will most likely not cause any reaction from the patient's body.

How long after an illness is it possible to give Mantoux to a child?

After an illness, a child is allowed to do the Mantoux test at least 7 days later, and this period applies to a common acute respiratory viral infection - the period for recovery is very short. But only a pediatrician can give more specific numbers. For example, if the patient had a cold with an increase in body temperature, then vaccination is postponed by 20-30 days, and after chickenpox, the child is not allowed to have the test for 3-5 months.

When is it possible after neurological diseases?

After neurological diseases, vaccination can be carried out no earlier than a month after complete recovery. And we are talking only about acute conditions that are not related to genetic, congenital disorders. If a child has a neurological diagnosis and is registered with a specialist, then he is the one who makes the decision to waive vaccination.

Some neurological diagnoses are a categorical contraindication for the administration of tuberculin for diagnostic purposes.

Can it be done during or immediately after a runny nose or cough?

If a child’s runny nose and cough occur or have occurred without accompanying symptoms (fever, headaches, chills, aches in the joints/muscles), then Manta can be done immediately after recovery or immediately during a mild illness.

The doctor must definitely find out what exactly caused the runny nose/cough: if it is not an infectious agent, but a non-seasonal allergy, then there is no reason to shift the timing of vaccination.

Many doctors believe that even a slight illness in a child is incompatible with the Mantoux test. The final decision can be made by the parents. Leading experts recommend treating the baby first and only vaccinating it a week later.

How many days after the flu?

Influenza is a viral disease, and the immune system can perceive tuberculin as another pathogen and respond positively to it, so the test is performed only 14 days after complete recovery. Some doctors recommend refraining from vaccination for a month and carefully monitoring the child’s condition during this time to avoid re-infection with the virus.

Even remnants of influenza, when there is a general tendency towards recovery, can give a false positive Mantoux test result. And the likelihood of the condition worsening is very high.

Is it possible after ARVI?

ARVI - an acute respiratory viral infection implies obtaining a waiver from performing the Mantoux test for 7-10 days. The countdown begins from the moment the diagnosis is removed, because even a residual cough, a slight runny nose without nasal congestion are contraindications for vaccination.

If the infection occurs with a critical increase in body temperature, cramps of the lower extremities, fever and confusion, then you should refrain from vaccination for a month after recovery. During this period, parents should strengthen the baby’s immunity as much as possible: adjust the menu in favor of fruits and vegetables, protein products, and undergo a course of vitamin therapy.

Reaction at temperature

Elevated body temperature is not a disease, but a symptom, but the reaction to the administered tuberculin can be negative. Most often, there is an even greater increase in body temperature, headaches, nausea and vomiting. Taken together, these signs indicate an inadequate response of the body to the vaccine, which requires qualified medical care.

Before the Mantoux test, the doctor must measure the patient’s temperature, and even a reading of 36.9 degrees is a reason to shift the timing of vaccination.

How long after an allergy?

Classic allergy symptoms such as skin rashes, dry cough, frequent sneezing, and nasal congestion are considered contraindications to the vaccine. But if an allergy is diagnosed, or there is a history of dermatitis, then parents should warn the doctor about this. In most cases, taking antihistamines in advance (5-7 days before Mantoux) solves the problem, and tuberculin is administered strictly according to schedule.

Is it possible to give Mantoux to a child immediately after an illness?

Despite the fact that the Mantoux test should be performed on children annually

, after an infectious disease, especially such as pneumonia, chickenpox or mononucleosis, you need to
take a break
.
How long to wait depends on the disease. Temporary refusal of tuberculin diagnostics will not adversely affect the patient’s health, but will help prevent the development of adverse reactions
to the administration of the drug. You should not make a decision on the advisability of the Mantoux test on your own; the best solution would be to inform your doctor about this.

You are susceptible to moderate lung diseases.

Congratulations! Keep it up!

Is it possible to make Mantoux after a child’s illness is of interest to every parent. Any infection leads to a weakened immune system, so the Mantoux reaction may be unpredictable. Every parent cares about the health of their baby more than their own, so this issue is especially relevant. In this article we will try to understand this problem.

The sample has the following characteristics:

harmlessness for strong children of different age groups;
a previous illness can change the sensitivity of the cellular composition of the skin to tuberculin, that is, weaken or strengthen;
interpretation of the dynamics of sensitivity tends to be complicated as a result of Mantoux after an illness.

Under no circumstances should you be vaccinated during an illness or immediately after it. Since no doctor can predict what the baby’s reaction to the administered drug will be. The baby looks healthy, but his weakened immune system may perceive the vaccine as an aggressive factor. In theory, a doctor can allow a baby to be vaccinated 7-10 days after suffering from a pathology. But in practice, if negative consequences arise, the parents will remain guilty. So is it possible to give Mantu to a child after illness?

Epilepsy and allergic conditions are especially dangerous. Children in this case are unable to tolerate vaccination favorably, without negative effects on their body.

The Mantoux test is usually considered one month after the disappearance of any clinical symptom. In addition, if a child is in a quarantine zone, then vaccination is unacceptable. In order to identify contraindications, the doctor must conduct a preliminary examination and survey of patients. Viral quarantine is a contraindication to vaccinations.

Mantoux is considered an annual mandatory prescription that is given to a child from one year until the age of seventeen. Vaccination is necessary to detect possible infection with tuberculosis. Early treatment is more effective. It happens that at the time of scheduled vaccination, the child appears the first signs of a cold or other disease. Mantoux is not allowed for ARVI, so as not to cause serious complications. It is necessary to reschedule the vaccination until the child’s immune system is restored.

Why is tuberculin diagnostics done, and does the child need it?

The Mantoux test (or tuberculin test) is an allergic intradermal test (not a vaccination!).
It shows whether the vaccinator’s body was previously “familiar” with tuberculosis pathogens. The test is used not to develop immunizing ability to this disease, but to detect the presence of tuberculosis pathogens (or mycobacteria) in the body.

How does this happen? The patient is injected subcutaneously with an incomplete tuberculin antigen (in small doses). This is a complex compound from the filtrates of a culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (bovine and human), which does not have living pathogens.

If a person’s immune system “recognizes” this microorganism, it begins to react violently: the injection site swells and turns red. That is, a specific allergic reaction of the body to tuberculin occurs.

The main task of the test is to identify among children:

infected for the first time (when a child became infected with the tuberculosis bacillus for the first time in his life);
sick for more than a year;
who needs revaccination;
those who have the disease, but have not yet manifested it.

This information is necessary for preventive measures when the baby is healthy, or to confirm the diagnosis (if there is one).

Parents often wonder: should they give their child a “button” or is it better to refuse? Indeed, now the Mantoux test is voluntary. But, refusing this test, parents should understand that tuberculosis in our country is widespread, and tuberculin diagnostics should not be neglected.

You should know that the first scheduled test is performed on a baby at 1 year of age. There is no point in using the test earlier, since the child’s immunity has not yet fully formed, which means that the Mantoux results will be inaccurate. All subsequent years, the test is done annually until the age of 14-15 (with a stable reaction).

Evaluation of the Mantoux reaction

But this is the case if there are no indications for more frequent implementation. When the reaction is positive, or it is discovered that the child’s relatives suffer from tuberculosis, the “button” is done 2 or 3 times a year.

It is very important to understand and evaluate the result obtained. So, a compaction (papule) forms at the injection site.

It often becomes red and inflamed. However, the size of the redness does not affect the result. The main thing here is the diameter of the papule (measured with a ruler).

The resulting compaction size is the main indicator:

negative reaction. In this case, there is no redness or induration at the injection site, and the diameter of the papule is 0-1 mm;
doubtful. Redness can be of any size, there is no compaction. Infiltrate (or papule) – from 2 to 4 mm;
positive. In this case, the seal has a diameter of 5 mm or more;
false positive. In this situation, the patient does not have tuberculosis, but the Mantoux test gives a positive result. Why? A common cause is infection with non-tuberculous mycobacterium.

Since the Mantoux reaction is inherently allergic, the result is also influenced by the characteristics of the body. Therefore, the sample is always evaluated dynamically (that is, compared with the readings of previous years).

The Mantoux test is not considered a vaccine. This means that it should be carried out even if the baby for some reason was exempt from professional vaccination. A contraindication may be severe skin allergies, when the entire arm is affected (including the injection site).

What is the Mantoux reaction

This is the body's reaction to the introduction of tuberculin. Tuberculin is a diagnostic substance. Used to detect an allergic reaction to infection with the tuberculosis bacterium.

Tuberculin diagnostics allows:

determine the presence of primary infection with the causative agent of tuberculosis;
confirm the presence of active infection;
identify pathogens.

The test is carried out for all children starting from one year. The procedure is carried out once a year. The result is assessed after three days. There are two types of reactions: the formation of a papule (swelling at the injection site) or redness of the skin.

A visual examination reveals a lack of reaction, hyperemia or infiltration. Palpation (feeling) determines the presence of skin thickening (infiltrate) in comparison with a healthy area; with hyperemia, there is no thickening. The size of the infiltrate is measured and recorded using a ruler. Only the seal dimensions are measured. Redness of the skin is not considered a sign of immunity to tuberculosis or infection. It is registered in the absence of a papule.

Characteristics of Mantoux results:

Negative test: absence of papule, prick reaction 0-1 mm. This is an indicator of the norm.
Doubtful test: the size of the infiltrate is 2-4 mm, hyperemia of any size. The questionable nature of the reaction is indicated by the presence of antibodies in the blood, but in insignificant concentrations.
Positive test: the size of the infiltrate varies from 5 to 16 mm.
Hyperergic reaction: in the case of an infiltrate larger than 17 mm, the appearance of vesicles, necrosis, one can judge the presence of tuberculosis in the active phase.
— the reaction is set in the event of a transition from a negative reaction to a positive one, or when the infiltrate increases by 6 mm in comparison with the previous one. Consultation with a phthisiatrician is recommended.

Negative. There is no compaction or redness. Size – no more than 1 mm. Indicates the need to repeat BCG, or tuberculosis bacteria have not entered the body.
Doubtful. The size of the papule is 4 mm, in its absence there is only redness. Repeated Mantoux is recommended.
Positive. The diameter of the papule is 5-16 mm. Indicates the presence of tuberculosis bacteria in the body. The disease is not in the active phase. Medical supervision is recommended.
Hyperergic. The diameter of the papule is more than 17 mm. The appearance of tissue necrosis and the formation of pustules. Indicates either the child’s susceptibility to the pathogen or the presence of a disease. Consultation with a phthisiatrician is recommended.

But there are factors that indicate danger:

sensitivity to the drug "Tuberculin" increases from year to year;
a large jump in the increase in compaction by 6 mm or more;
short contact with an infected patient;
the presence of family members who have had tuberculosis or are infected.

In this situation, the child is recommended to consult a TB specialist.

The Mantoux test is not an absolutely reliable means of diagnosing tuberculosis. Based only on a positive reaction to the test, the diagnosis of “TB infection” is not made!

Factors affecting sample results

Many parents refuse vaccinations, noting that they harm their babies. Uninformed adults are convinced that vaccinations introduce infections into the body, which lead to the development of severe pathologies. This is a misconception, since vaccination is aimed at establishing the body’s response to tuberculin. Therefore, you can safely make Manta without fear of any contamination. Based on the characteristic reaction, doctors will be able to conclude that the baby has Koch’s bacilli. Thus, the administration of the substance is considered an allergic test, and the vaccine itself is considered a strong allergen. That is why the use of antihistamines is unacceptable before Mantoux. Since such agents distort the result of the allergen. How long after any disease a test can be taken is determined by the pediatrician, who refers the child for vaccination.

Since the administration of tuberculin is a diagnostic test based on assessment using an allergic reaction, the result is directly dependent on the state of the baby’s immune system.

That is why there are a number of restrictions for its implementation. When the test can be done is determined by the attending pediatrician. It is worth noting that allergens are not introduced to babies under one year of age. All other children are not allowed to be given Mantu after ARVI and other viral diseases for a month.

Parents should be aware that it is not advisable to test children with various forms of allergic reactions.

This is due to the fact that tuberculin is an extremely strong allergen, and in a baby it can provoke an allergic attack in the form of a runny nose, swelling of the mucous membranes, lacrimation, and in extreme cases, anaphylactic shock. In addition, if the child does not show any negative reactions, then the result is not reliable.

Even a runny nose shows that the baby’s immune system is fighting the virus. The Mantoux result for any symptomatology of the pathological process will be false. Therefore, the doctor examines the child to identify signs of the disease before vaccination. Parents must give consent for the introduction of an allergen to their child.

Few parents are aware that BCG vaccination can also distort the Mantoux result.

Tuberculosis is classified as a hidden disease, the detection of which is often impossible at an early stage.

The disease is transmitted through coughing, but a person may not know for a long time that he is infected or is a carrier.

In addition, a sample introduced into a weakened body can lead to various kinds of complications.

The optimal period for vaccination after illness is a calendar month. During this time, the baby’s body recovers after suffering from the disease.

The Mantoux test is the main means of determining predisposition to tuberculosis in preschool and primary school age. Fluorographic examination is already available for high school students. The main condition for obtaining the correct result is to perform the procedure on healthy children.

Is it possible to give Mantoux to a child immediately after an illness?

Despite the fact that the Mantoux test should be performed on children annually

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Many parents are interested in the answer to the question: is it possible to give mantu to a child after an illness? After all, at this time the baby’s body is weakened, and it is not clear how he can react to the administered vaccine. By answering this question correctly, you can find out when is the best time to vaccinate. And is it worth doing it right during illness?

The first thing to note is that the Mantoux test is not considered vaccination or inoculation. This is a kind of diagnostic that helps to develop immunity against a serious and dangerous disease, tuberculosis, and also to identify its course in the body. However, although Mantoux is not considered an injection, certain rules must be followed when conducting such a test. They will help to accurately determine the course of the disease in the body.

As a rule, Mantoux is performed on children to identify pathogenic bacteria in their bodies, namely Koch's bacillus. Its presence indicates the course of tuberculosis, which requires urgent treatment. The most dangerous type of disease is pulmonary tuberculosis, which is quite difficult to completely cure.

After the test, the reaction may be different:

positive;
negative;
false positive.

Based on these results, it will be possible to accurately identify a disease that is asymptomatic in the baby’s body.

So, it became clear that the Mantoux test is a diagnostic test that should not be influenced by any extraneous factors.

The child is vaccinated against tuberculosis in the maternity hospital. It's called BCG. After vaccination, the child’s body’s reaction to Mantoux will be positive. Thanks to early vaccination, it is possible to develop the body’s own antibodies, which will protect the baby from mycobacteria.

The first time Mantoux is given to children aged 1 year. After this, it should be carried out annually. If the child has a negative result, the diagnosis must be repeated after 2-3 weeks. If the result is repeated, the doctor decides to perform another BCG.

Where is the sample placed? As a rule, it is done subcutaneously on the inside of the arm between the hand and elbow.

If for some reason the Mantoux test is not suitable for the child, he is given a Diaskin test. It is similar in implementation. This test shows the result based on the presence or absence of tuberculosis bacteria in the body. If a person is healthy, the diagnosis will show a negative result.

If parents decide to give up Mantoux, then the child should undergo a Diaskin test. This method is rarely used in adults, since they usually undergo fluorography.

How long should I wait to perform Mantoux after an illness?

So, what is this test, how many days after illness can Mantoux be done?
The test is a diluted tuberculin protein administered subcutaneously. The injection provokes a local allergy in the subject, based on the intensity of its manifestation, a conclusion is drawn about the presence of a pathogen and its activity. The injection is given in the forearm, on the inner side, and the result is assessed on the third day. If it is positive, it means that the patient’s body has been in contact with mycobacterium, although it does not clearly indicate tuberculosis as such.

Indicators are assessed visually:

if the compaction (papule) is up to 5 millimeters in size, the result is negative;
up to 10 millimeters - there is a possibility that a person is infected, usually after contact with carriers of open tuberculosis and people at risk;
15 millimeters or more – the likelihood of disease is extremely high, especially if the papule is accompanied by suppuration.

Since tuberculin tests the body’s immune response, to obtain the most accurate result, it is advisable to administer it to healthy people, especially children. Doing Mantoux after recovery is allowed, but you need to wait a certain period. Various disorders have their own duration and a “window” when the remnants of the pathogen still remain active, and it is extremely important to do a tuberculin test when the patient has fully recovered. Mostly children undergo this examination, although sometimes Mantoux is also prescribed to older patients.

According to SanPin standards, for admission to educational institutions, children must undergo a phthisiological examination as part of the prevention of tuberculosis, although at the request of parents, an exemption from this is possible.

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What should be the size of a papule when testing mantu by year?

Regardless of whether an adult or a child has been referred to Mantu, doctors recommend waiting at least 14 days from recovery. In some cases, this period may be extended, since the course of certain diseases requires an increase in the pause from recovery to tuberculin diagnosis.

To determine the period when you can do Mantoux after an illness, it is important to know the specifics of the latter:

ARVI. Respiratory pathologies - viral flu, colds, etc., are common, and people, as a rule, tolerate them quite easily and without serious consequences. It usually takes about two weeks from the onset of symptoms to recovery. If you need a tuberculin test, it is advisable to wait another two weeks after this to eliminate the possibility of negative effects. Waiting will allow you to get an accurate result.
Pneumonia. In the case of this pathology, a lot depends on the severity, which differs in different patients. The period required for recovery is determined by the doctor based on the dynamics of treatment and diagnosis. Doctors advise taking time and doing Mantoux no earlier than a month after suffering from pneumonia.
Chicken pox and measles. Chickenpox is predominantly a childhood disease. The body recovers after it from 3 weeks to a month. On the question of how long after Mantoux can be administered after a child’s illness, the prevailing opinion among doctors is that tuberculin protein should not be administered earlier than three months after the symptoms of chickenpox disappear. If necessary, this can be done earlier, but there is a high risk of obtaining a false positive result, leading to a mandatory additional examination by a TB specialist.
Mononucleosis. This is a fairly serious disease that significantly undermines the strength of the immune system. It takes about a year to recover from it. Patients who have had acute mononucleosis cannot be vaccinated or given tuberculin for another year. They are isolated from their environment, minimizing their contacts with other people. This is due to the property of mononucleosis to effectively suppress immune activity, and when communicating with strangers, pathogens of serious diseases, including tuberculosis, etc., can be transmitted.

Many diseases primarily suppress elements of the immune system, weakening it and making the body vulnerable to pathogenic agents. A tuberculin test will most likely show a false negative result.

How else can you identify tuberculosis?

In Russia, tuberculosis infection can be determined using an alternative drug to Mantoux. The Diaskintest product is administered subcutaneously, and after a certain period of time the result is measured. The main difference from the Mantoux test is the reaction only to live sticks.

To make an accurate diagnosis, a TB doctor prescribes a comprehensive examination, which includes:

fluorography of the respiratory organs;
X-ray examination of the lungs;
blood and urine tests;
tomography

Laboratory methods for diagnosing tuberculosis are PCR, ELISA, and biopsy. The methods used are determined by the specialist and the capabilities of the clinic; based on the test results, the doctor makes an accurate diagnosis.