Should I get the BCG vaccine in the maternity hospital, what are the pros and cons?

BCG vaccination for a newborn is one of the earliest. It is included in the vaccination calendar. BCG is performed in the maternity hospital from three days to a week of age of the child, before discharge. Today, the expectant mother independently decides whether her child should be vaccinated. Consent or refusal to undergo vaccination is formalized in writing during the pregnancy observation period at the antenatal clinic. You need to calmly think it over, weigh the pros and cons and decide whether your child will be vaccinated.

It is necessary to understand that BCG vaccination is not a 100% guarantee that a child will never become infected with tuberculosis. This is due to the fact that mycobacteria mutate and become more tolerant to anti-tuberculosis drugs. However, if after the BCG vaccination and discharge from the maternity hospital the baby is infected with mycobacterium, the disease will be mild, will not cause extensive damage, and the likelihood of developing severe extrapulmonary modifications of tuberculosis will also be significantly reduced.

Be sure to read the article about extrapulmonary forms of tuberculosis on our website.

Should BCG be given to newborns?

When deciding whether to get vaccinated, you should consider some facts about tuberculosis. Today, this disease is one of the most dangerous and complex diseases in the world. Despite the fact that the infection has been well studied, and medicine has effective treatment methods, the mortality rate from tuberculosis is very high and firmly holds first place, ahead of even cardiovascular diseases.

The spread of tuberculosis around the world

A person does not have innate immunity to tuberculosis, and the defense system of a child under two years of age is not yet perfect, so infection in most cases leads to the development of extensive damage to the lungs, as well as penetration of the infection into the brain and the occurrence of meningitis and meningoencephalitis. Most often, these severe pathologies lead to the death of an unvaccinated child. With vaccination, 90% of children recover without negative consequences.

Russia is one of the countries with a high prevalence of tuberculosis, so BCG vaccination is one of the first in the national vaccination calendar. Recent studies have shown that the vaccine lasts for about 20 years. Revaccination does not enhance or prolong the effect of the first vaccination, so it is not necessary to give BCG again at the age of 7 years.

Due to the epidemiological situation in the Russian Federation, as well as the proven high effectiveness of the vaccine, which can protect a child from the development of severe complications of tuberculosis, it seems advisable to do BCG.

Contraindications and refusal of vaccination against tuberculosis

Before carrying out the vaccination procedure, you should take into account the presence of complications that may cause a complete refusal to carry it out:

• positive reaction to Mantoux;
• pathologies transmitted by inheritance;
• a disorder in the development of the central nervous system (for example, cerebral palsy), as well as developmental delay;
• intolerance, the presence of complications in relatives who have already undergone this vaccination;
• AIDS, HIV, hepatitis, presence of autoimmune diseases;
• allergy;
• fermentopathy;
• taking immunosuppressive drugs;
• hemodiseases;
• weight below normal (i.e. less than 2 kg 500 g);
• presence of tumors;
• after birth, the child was given a blood (plasma) transfusion;
• revaccination is prohibited for pregnant women;
• acute respiratory infections (runny nose, snot, cough) and other types of infection.

Ignoring contraindications can cause death.

It is worth noting that before administering the vaccine, the specialist is obliged to familiarize the child’s parents with the consequences and complications that may arise after the administration of the drug.

Contraindications

In some cases, children are not vaccinated with BCG in the maternity hospital. The decision is made by the neonatologist depending on the condition of the child.

BCG is not done in the maternity hospital and in general in the following cases (main contraindications):

• children of HIV-infected mothers;
• severe genetic diseases;
• birth trauma that caused the development of brain pathology;
• the newborn has relatives diagnosed with tuberculosis;
• availability of data on serious complications after vaccination in the baby’s closest relatives.

Temporary contraindications to vaccination:

• the child was born weighing less than 2.5 kg;
• diagnosing a severe form of erythroblastosis in a child;
• when an intrauterine infectious disease is detected in a baby;
• serious skin pathologies.

Children born with severe underweight, less than 1.5-2 kg, can be vaccinated with BCG M, which contains a smaller amount of the active substance. If BCG was not done in the maternity hospital, then a child over two months old is first given blood and urine tests and given a manta test. If the test result is positive or false negative, BCG vaccination is not given, and an examination for possible tuberculosis infection is prescribed.

Advantages of vaccination

As already mentioned, over the long history of the existence of BCG, there has been an ambiguous attitude towards it. But still, most parents prefer to protect their child from tuberculosis bacteria rather than leaving their child completely defenseless.

The main arguments of parents in support of this vaccination:

1. Protecting the child from tuberculosis bacteria and, first of all, from Koch's bacillus. Having been vaccinated, the baby becomes protected from tuberculosis of varying degrees from birth. Even if the child still gets sick, the course of tuberculosis will be much easier.
2. Statistics show that the possibility of developing the disease is reduced.

All these arguments are correct and accurate. But do not think that these two arguments fully describe the advantages of BCG. In fact, this list is much longer.

How to properly vaccinate with BCG

The vaccine is injected into the left arm, into the shoulder, and exclusively into the skin layer. The drug should not be administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously, as this can lead to the development of dangerous complications. If for some reason it is impossible to give an injection in the shoulder, a place on the body with the thickest skin is selected (most often, the thigh). After the injection, a swollen white bump remains on the skin for several hours.

You may also experience redness in the area where the injection was given within a week. If the wound festers and a slight inflammation occurs, there is no need to panic, such a reaction is absolutely normal. BCG administration at the same time as other vaccinations is prohibited. Vaccinations against hepatitis B are given earlier than BCG, and after it, other types of vaccines can be prescribed only after a month (sometimes longer, it is important to consult a doctor).

Vaccine administration

BCG has proven itself positively and confirmed the safety of use.

There are two modifications of the vaccine:

BCG and BCG-M.

1. The first option is classic. It is used in most cases for all healthy and strong children.
2. The second form is weakened. BCG-M contains half as many active microorganisms. It is used for weak, premature, sickly children, babies with congenital pathologies.

Vaccination against tuberculosis is given in the first days of a child’s life, if there are no contraindications. If there are time restrictions, you can postpone the vaccination for a certain period.

It is allowed to administer the vaccine independently in a hospital, medical center, tuberculosis clinic, vaccination center, at home (some clinics practice home visits for vaccinations) until the child is two months old. If the child is older than three months, and the vaccination has not been carried out, then a Mantoux test must first be done. If the result is negative, then BCG vaccination is allowed within three to fourteen days after it. The deadlines are very precise and cannot be violated.

The drug is injected intradermally into the outer upper part of the left arm. Disposable syringe with a thin needle. If for some reason this place is inaccessible, then another area with dense skin is selected. Usually the thigh.

A white swelling immediately forms at the injection site. After 20 minutes the mark completely disappears. Then a semblance of a purulent pimple appears with redness of no more than one centimeter around, the defect gradually swells and becomes covered with a crust. It disappears over time, leaving a wound. After a few more days, the wound scars. As a result, a scar remains.

The abscess can break through and subtract. This is fine. There may also be no pus. Then a red lump with clear liquid forms at the injection site.

Based on the presence of a characteristic scar on the arm, one can assume without studying a medical record that vaccination was carried out. Without emergency indications from a TB doctor, vaccination is repeated at 7 and 14 years of age. With revaccination, the vaccination mark goes away faster, the reactions take only two weeks.

At the time of reaction formation, it is important to take a number of precautions.

As part of caring for the injection site, you should not:

• smear with any medical product, solution, cream (brilliant, iodine, peroxide);
• bandage and seal with a plaster;
• pick off the crust;
• allow dirt to enter.

The vaccine can be wetted. Bathing a child is acceptable. But if there is an increase in temperature, weakness and other signs of depression in the baby’s condition, it is recommended to refrain from water procedures.

Signs of an abnormal course of the reaction are an increase in redness of more than one centimeter or, conversely, its complete absence. Enlarged lymph nodes are another sign that requires contacting a phthisiatrician (pediatrician).

Local reactions observed during vaccination are delayed. The first manifestations appear a month and a half after the injection.

BCG vaccination cannot be combined with other vaccines. You cannot carry out other manipulations on the day of vaccination and three months after it. For this reason, for example, the hepatitis B vaccine, the reaction to which appears immediately, is given first. Within the walls of the maternity hospital, BCG is the last vaccination.

Also, during the period of development of the mother’s vaccine (if we are talking about breastfeeding), you need to refrain from allergenic or exotic foods. Entering the child’s body along with milk, they can provoke complications and unexpected reactions. Mom, like the child, needs to refrain from taking medications.

Normal reaction and decoding

Due to the intensive production of antibodies to tuberculosis, the child’s immunity is in an active state. The body strains all its strength to resist infection, so a slight fever after vaccination is normal. It is necessary to take into account when assessing a child’s condition that his thermoregulation mechanisms, unlike those of an adult, are still imperfect. A newborn's temperature can normally fluctuate around 37.2 degrees Celsius.

Many mothers are concerned about how the injection site heals after BCG. Within a month or two after vaccination, a delayed reaction to BCG vaccination appears. The following may appear at the injection site:

• bubble;
• compaction;
• purulent formation covered with a crust;
• a small spot of brown, purple and even black.

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin
If there is a crust, it may periodically come off and then grow back. If the wound has become festered and inflamed, under no circumstances should these purulent formations be squeezed out or treated with antiseptic agents, so as not to interfere with the process of developing the baby’s immunity. Sometimes they break through on their own, this is also normal. The injection area should not be subjected to strong mechanical stress or rubbed while bathing.

The reaction to BCG is individual for each child; some atypical features may be observed, which are a variant of the norm. The injection site may be red before and after the formation of an abscess. Normally, redness does not spread to the surrounding skin. Suppuration and abscess, if they do not swell or turn red, are also normal. If swelling and redness of the abscess appear, this may indicate an infection in the wound and requires contacting a pediatrician. If the swelling in the injection area goes away on the third day after vaccination, then everything is fine.

The BCG injection area finally heals in about six months. A small white scar forms at the injection site. The absence of a scar indicates that the vaccination is ineffective or that your child has innate immunity from tuberculosis. Only 0.2% of people have this immunity. By looking at the left shoulder, you can immediately find out whether a person was vaccinated against tuberculosis in childhood, without the need to look at the vaccination card.

Why is BCG dangerous for a child: possible harm and consequences

An absolutely normal reaction is the appearance of a lump at the site of vaccine administration and the appearance of a papule two weeks later. Possible enlargement of the lymph node. But there are situations that go beyond the norm. In this case, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Let's look at some complications of vaccination:

1. the occurrence of ulcers, abscesses, scars. This occurs due to the incorrect method of administering the vaccine, as well as when the permissible dose is exceeded, vaccination of people already infected with tuberculosis;
2. unbearable headache, excessively high temperature;
3. manifestation of an allergic reaction, abscess, osteomyelitis;
4. disseminated infection;
5. convulsions;
6. loss of consciousness;
7. vomit;
8. severely enlarged lymph nodes (lymphadenitis);
9. Osteitis – inflammation of bone tissue;
10. Possible heart complication.

Possible complications

Very rarely, but still sometimes newborns are susceptible to developing serious complications after BCG vaccination. It is precisely these complications that will be a contraindication to vaccination for the younger brothers and sisters of a newborn, if he develops them. A newborn may develop lymphadenitis, indicating that the body cannot cope with a bacterial attack. The formation of an external infiltrate, as well as extensive ulceration at the injection site, is possible.

If the vaccination is carried out in violation of the technology, that is, the drug is injected not into the layers of the skin, but deeper, the child may develop severe suppuration and an abscess, often requiring surgical intervention. Sometimes a red colloidal scar forms in the injection area. Possible complications also include: the development of bone and other forms of tuberculosis. In some cases, the child develops a severe allergic skin reaction, a red rash around the injection site and on other parts of the body.

We recommend watching the video in which Dr. Komarovsky expresses his opinion on the need for vaccination:

On what day is a child vaccinated in the shoulder?

In the absence of contraindications and with a written agreement from the parents for vaccination, BCG is injected into the shoulder 3-7 days after birth.
This helps develop immunity for 6-7 years. Next, revaccination is carried out at 6-7 and at 13-14 years. Adults are also given one-time immunoprophylaxis until the age of 35.

The drug is administered with an insulin syringe in a dose of 0.1 ml intradermally. After manipulation, a small white ball about 0.9 cm in size is formed. After 20 minutes, it resolves on its own. This reaction indicates that the vaccination was done correctly.

The body usually begins to respond to BCG after 1-1.5 months. A person experiences swelling and redness at the injection site. The injection area may turn black, blue or brown. Also characteristic of BCG is the formation of a scar, crust, and abscess. These manifestations disappear on their own within 1-4 months.

Moms' opinion

Reviews and opinions on whether it is necessary to get a BCG vaccination, of course, vary. Most mothers are in favor of vaccination. For the most part, this opinion is based on the postulate “they did it to our parents, they did it to us, and it won’t hurt the child,” that is, some kind of adherence to tradition. Those who advocate vaccination, as a rule, have not been sick themselves. This category also includes those who do not attach any importance to whether the child will be vaccinated, according to the principle “if necessary, then necessary.”

Most of those who oppose it have in one way or another encountered tuberculosis - either, having been vaccinated, they themselves became ill, or they witnessed the disease in relatives and friends who were vaccinated. It is for them that I would like to repeat once again: BCG is not a guarantee that the child will not get tuberculosis, but only reduces the likelihood of the disease progressing in a severe form and the development of dangerous complications.

Another argument put forward by BCG opponents is the epidemiological situation regarding tuberculosis in Russia. This is more serious. The Ministry of Health should pay attention to the experience of such developed countries as Belgium, the USA, Japan and some others, where the success of universal vaccination led to such a decrease in the incidence that, in the end, the need for vaccination disappeared. Now in these countries, children at risk are vaccinated only according to medical indications.

The effect of the BCG vaccine on our children. The opinions of the doctors themselves.

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— 8078
National Committee on Bioethics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dr. G. P. Chervonskaya
I am a phthisiatrician with 30 years of practical experience. The first time I thought about the negative effect of the BCG vaccine on the body of newborns was in the 60s and 70s. Then, cases of left-sided axillary lymphadenitis caused by the BCG vaccine began to appear more often than before 1962. As you know, intradermal BCG vaccination was introduced in 1962. After this, young children appeared, patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), who necessarily had left-sided axillary lymphadenitis-BCG. In the practice of pediatric surgeons, especially since 1965, frequent cases of destructive staphylococcal pneumonia began to appear, and in the practice of pediatricians - dysbiosis. Professor G. A. Samsygina confirms today, in 1996, that by the end of the 70s the frequency of bacteriosis increased 15 times, but, unfortunately, she does not connect this with BCG vaccination.

Despite the efforts of pediatricians, using a rich arsenal of new strong drugs cannot reduce the number of pustular and purulent-septic diseases in children in the first year of life. It was not possible to share such thoughts with any of the TB specialists - they were all staunch supporters of... plans brought down from the Ministry of Health. A kind of “taboo” was imposed on any objection to this. Therefore, I decided to contact the head of the department of childhood infectious diseases, academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, Professor N.I. Nisevich. After listening to me, she recommended contacting the deputy. minister... and I went through the authorities. Having familiarized themselves with my opinions about the dangers of BCG for the body of newborns, they frankly admitted that they had not imagined the possibility of the existence of such a point of view, but... they could not help in any way.

When my tuberculosis department learned about my visit to the Ministry of Health, a party group was assembled and a party punishment was announced for me. Nevertheless, I continued to express my thoughts in “Office Letters” and even in articles in the journal “Pediatrics”.

The fact is that mycobacterium tuberculosis is a constant “companion” of a person only after he reaches a certain age, but not during the neonatal period. For adults, over the centuries-old history of mankind, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (on the Eurasian continent) has become an environmental environmental factor. Naturally, under these conditions, humans have also developed genetically fixed certain mechanisms of protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) - the so-called natural resistance to MBT has formed, thanks to which the majority of those infected with MBT either do not get sick with tuberculosis at all, or are cured of the primary forms on their own, but how rule with the formation of residual changes, etc.

Whatever the degree and form of primary infection of the office, in any case, they are fixed in various organs (!), mainly in the reticuloendothelial system. Consequently, a similar picture is observed with BCG vaccination.

...I especially remember 3-year-old Sasha G, who was admitted to the First Children's Tuberculosis Hospital in the late 70s with a diagnosis of “Left-sided axillary lymphadenitis caused by the BCG vaccine, chronic granulomatous disease.” Previously, he had been treated for a long time and unsuccessfully in the tuberculosis hospital for young children No. 9. He was a well-fed, fair-haired, blue-eyed boy from young, healthy parents. They never had tuberculosis patients in their family. His disease, along with purulent-caseous left-sided lymphadenitis, was characterized by recurrent purulent otitis, purulent lymphadenitis of the cervical lymph nodes, and pustular skin lesions; culture of pus gave growth of staphylococcus. An enlarged liver was detected. Antibacterial therapy had no noticeable effect.

Considering my bitter inability to help this child, I achieved his transfer to the Central Institute of Tuberculosis. But it was not possible to help there either, because... he had a failure of the phagocytosis reaction. Some time later he died...

I have accumulated a significant number of similar cases. And what is characteristic is that more often these are boys, seemingly healthy in appearance, from quite wealthy families, fair-haired and light-eyed...

L.A. Mitinskaya and other authors of parenteral administration of the BCG vaccine to newborns claim that BCG is not to blame for the development of CGD, that BCG is only a marker of this disease. In other words, with the help of BCG and its complications, we are artificially selecting newborns who will definitely get sick? In contrast, I have become convinced that BCG, by delaying the development of the completed phagocytosis reaction, creates the conditions for the development of CGD in children of a certain genotype (blond-haired and blue-eyed).

Today, 31 children are being treated in our department, 23 of them are young. Moscow children - 6, residents of the Moscow region. - 4, from various regions of Russia - 9, from CIS countries - 10, foreigners - 2.

Of the six Moscow children, two are being treated due to a complicated course of BCG infection (one child has BCG osteitis of the sternum, the second has axillary lymphadenitis). The most severe condition is the condition of a 4-month-old child vaccinated with BCG in the maternity hospital. His mother was diagnosed with cavernous tuberculosis in the second week after being discharged from the maternity hospital (how did she end up in the maternity hospital with such a diagnosis?!). Her boy has general acute miliary tuberculosis, tuberculosis of all groups of intrathoracic lymph nodes, and the prognosis is very unfavorable….

Over 30 years of work, starting in 1970, we began to receive children with bone lesions, which were previously considered as manifestations of BCG infection. But it is not always possible to prove this due to the therapy carried out, treatment with antibiotics, and therefore it is extremely difficult to carry out successful typing of mycobacteria BCG... Most of these children were operated on in Children's Clinical Hospital No. 13, and in recent years - at the Institute of Phthisiopulmonology of St. Petersburg . In some cases, typing confirmed the connection of bone lesions with BCG vaccination.

What does intradermal administration of a “weakened” version mean - BCG-M, which, meanwhile, contains 500 thousand mycobacteria, i.e. Is it the same amount that is included in BCG? In any case, they all remain in the body of children, who usually have different susceptibility to tuberculosis, because “polyomorphism and species viability were provided by biomolecules that made each of us unique. The genes that manage the kaleidoscope of these proteins determined the most functionally diverse physiological system - the immune system, and with it the independence of individual life" (Govallo V.I. Why are we not alike each other. M.: Znanie, 1984, p. 134) .

Yes, and BCG is heterogeneous in its content of mycobacteria, which differ in “weakened” virulence.

Having entered the child’s body, MBT immediately spreads into the lymph and blood and, naturally, multiplies, although they are weakened in the composition of BCG. In a day there will no longer be 500 thousand, but a million, in two days - 2 million, etc. In other words, BCG bacteremia occurs in the body of newborns, which will increase in each child differently. In the end, after a certain time, the baby “excites” its own delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction - PCHT. BCG vaccination is carried out precisely for this purpose - in order to excite this hereditarily determined reaction. As a result, by the end of the first week the child is literally “flooded” with BCG mycobacteria, which are strict aerobes that require constant oxygen. According to A.D. Ado and A.N. Mayansky, MBT are able to inhibit the formation of phagocytosis, phagolysosomes, and then this mechanism, which eliminates contact with the cytotoxic components of phagocytes, ensures long-term persistence of the weakened tuberculosis bacillus in macrophages. These authors point out that “complete phagocytosis requires the presence of biological oxidants with potent cytotoxic potentials” and that “due to the phenomenon of respiratory or metabolic burst, the digestion of certain microbes occurs, in particular Staphylococcus aureus and fungi. In an anaerobic environment, although phagocytes retain the ability to absorb, they sharply reduce toxicity towards many pathogenic and opportunistic microbes” (Ado A.D., Mayansky A.N. Current state of the doctrine of phagocytosis // Immunology, 1981, no. 3, p. 20).

Based on what is quoted, it is probably necessary to recall what has been well known for a long time that in newborns, phagocytosis is not yet mature enough qualitatively. If the absorptive capacity of phagocytes in newborns is sufficiently developed, then the final phase of phagocytosis is still imperfect and is formed at a much later date (and individuality should also be taken into account here!). In children of the first 6 months. life, the content of lysozyme, lactoferron, myeloperoxidase, etc., involved in the final phase of phagocytosis, is very low. Therefore, children in the first months of life have a high tendency to diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, and fungi (Mazurin A.V., Vorontsov I.M. Propaedeutics of childhood diseases. M., 1985, p. 264).

Thus, BCG vaccination is carried out for children with an unestablished reaction of completed phagocytosis, with an imperfect system of antibody formation - immunoglobulins, who have not adapted to the environment.

My many years of experience working with children of all ages, and in the last decade mainly with young children, led me to the final conviction of the need to stop BCG vaccination of newborns. This vaccination must be postponed to an older age, for a 2-3 year period of life, exclusively in endemic areas (which our sanitary and epidemiological service must determine!).

In my deep conviction, based on many years of practical work with post-vaccination complications after BCG vaccination, abandoning the universal vaccination of newborns is one of the main keys to solving the problems of reducing childhood morbidity and mortality.

Isn’t it scary to refuse vaccination of newborns in the context of a worsening epidemiological situation regarding tuberculosis?

I answer: not only is it not scary, but it is also necessary!

Firstly, BCG vaccination has never prevented and cannot prevent a child from becoming infected with MTB if he is in contact with a patient with tuberculosis.

Secondly, without appropriate diagnosis of the state of the immune system, with the help of BCG we spread tuberculosis and accumulate it over generations among people susceptible to MTB, who are not all in unfavorable social conditions. Thirdly, all young children, regardless of the fact of vaccination, if they are susceptible to tuberculosis and infected in the maternity hospital, will definitely develop tuberculosis in the absence of timely diagnosis and treatment. There are no examples of self-healing from tuberculosis at this age. Self-healing is possible, however, only in children over 3 years of age.

Fourthly, the rate of MBT infection by two years remains at the level of 0.005-0.01%, i.e. 10:100,000. All of these children can be cured if diagnosed in a timely manner and treated with care and long-term follow-up.

Fifthly, without BCG in maternity hospitals, young children will grow up healthy! Hence, including the massive acquisition of immunodeficiency syndromes (AIDS), if not initially, then actively acquired as a cause-and-effect development after BCG, as well as the development of numerous other symptoms of general pathology.

;MBT, I repeat, have long been a significant factor in natural selection and the encounter with them (infecting a person) is programmed. A protective response is also programmed, primarily from the lymphatic system. But if such an encounter occurs in the form of BCG vaccination during the neonatal period, then one can expect undesirable and very severe consequences from the lymphatic system - up to leukemoid and even leukemic reactions...

As a clinician and phthisiatrician, I am convinced that postponing the timing of BCG vaccination to an older age will not only be the best protection against tuberculosis, but will also become a method of preventing leukemia in children...

In articles in the journal “Pediatrics,” I have repeatedly proposed holding a round table with the participation of leading phthisiatricians, pediatricians, immunologists, geneticists, microbiologists who know the basics of the immunology of infectious diseases, etc. to discuss the issue “The inappropriateness and depravity of BCG vaccination during the neonatal period.” Unfortunately, this did not happen. However, the first result has been achieved: the forbidden “taboo” from discussing this issue has been removed. Moreover, according to V.F. Uchaikin, the current chief infectious disease specialist of the country, the draft vaccination calendar he submitted to the Russian Ministry of Health provides for this important age feature (Round table on the topic “The controversial problem of vaccination of newborns,” held on February 17, 1997 in Scientific Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology).

You, dear Galina Petrovna, also participated in the discussion of this problem in this center.

The essence of my proposals, which I have been making for 20 years, is to monitor indicators of physical development and health in three groups of children:

1. Healthy newborns not vaccinated with BCG; 2. Healthy newborns vaccinated with BCG; 3. BCG vaccinated children with manifestations of dysbacteriosis, among them there are two groups: a) treatment with conventional methods; b) treatment using conventional methods with the addition of isoniazid at a dose of 8 mg/kg per day.

Carrying out this work does not require significant material costs, with the exception of the desire and time of performers who are truly interested in the health of the children of Russia and the nation as a whole. The work can be completed within a year.

BCG vaccination during the neonatal period is dangerous for the health and life of children.

In conclusion, I consider it necessary to emphasize once again that I am a staunch opponent of vaccination (any, not just BCG) during the neonatal period, because the vaccine interferes with the development of natural (sanogenetic) reactions of the child: phagocytosis, antibody formation, adaptation to the external environment.

In addition, I believe, like many other experts, that there cannot be a single vaccination schedule for all children. Moreover, it is impossible to introduce 8-10 vaccines into a child’s body: this is a disastrous practice designed to destroy the nation.

Vaccination should be carried out strictly according to epidemic indications with mandatory observance of contraindications that cannot be reduced - they need to be expanded, since there are practically no children belonging to the first health group, and this trend applies not only to newborns, but also to all age groups of children.

In my opinion, the private ruling of Judge A. A. Borshchev (the court on claims of parents in connection with post-vaccination complications - osteitis, in which you and I participated on December 10, 1996 as experts) is surprisingly very competent:

“The court considers it necessary to issue a private ruling to the Ministry of Health and Medical Industry of the Russian Federation on the unsatisfactory state of vaccination of newborns. The private determination is not subject to appeal.”

APPLICATIONS:

1. An official letter that has been in my possession for 16 years, with negative reviews from Nisevich N.I. and Mitinskaya L.A. Now I am passing it into your hands and to the Forensic Medical Examination Committee of Moscow. 2. Journal article. "Pediatrics", 1984, No. 7 3. Journal article. "Pediatrics", 1996, No. 6

With respect and admiration for your educational activities, TB doctor of the highest qualification category, Ph.D. V. P. Sukhanovsky

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What to do if BCG was not done on time

It is not always possible to administer BCG vaccinations to newborns in the maternity hospital on time. There are several reasons:

• medical withdrawal for medical reasons;
• parent's refusal to vaccinate in the maternity hospital.

Until the newborn is 2 months old, the vaccination can be done by a pediatrician. If the newborn is more than 3 months old, then before vaccination, a Mantoux test is required - a method for diagnosing tuberculosis. The baby is given the drug tuberculin intradermally. After 72 hours, the doctor checks the result. If the reaction to the tuberculin test is negative, the child is recommended to receive BCG vaccinations on that day. If the result is positive, then the children are sent for examination.

Mantoux is not a vaccine, so even if you refuse vaccination, it is recommended to agree to the test. It can be used to diagnose the development of tuberculosis at an early stage.

Revaccinations are carried out only in cases where the Mantoux test is negative. This means that the child does not have tuberculosis.

BCG vaccination calendar for children: when to do it

The BCG vaccine is given according to the calendar. Experts have found that newborns have a much higher risk of developing the disease than adults, as their bodies are more vulnerable. Based on this, a BCG vaccination schedule was developed for children in the first years of life. According to it, a child is vaccinated several times at a certain time.

When to do BCG:

• in the maternity hospital, on the 3rd day, in the absence of a medical outlet;
• 7 years - revaccination;
• 14 years - repeated revaccination.

Parents can refuse BCG vaccination in the maternity hospital by writing a written refusal, but they take full responsibility if the baby becomes infected.

If vaccination was not carried out in the maternity hospital due to contraindications, it can be done after a few months by contacting your clinic. The pediatrician and immunologist must draw up an individual vaccination calendar for a child of the first year of life and set a day for the injection.

What's in the vaccine?

The creators of the BCG vaccine were two scientists - Calmette and Guerin. In our time, the composition of the vaccine has not changed.

To obtain microorganisms, the bacilli are placed in a special nutrient medium. There they grow within a week. On the eighth day, the pathogen is released from the received material. It is filtered and concentrated. The result is a product that contains live and dead sticks.

We recommend reading! Follow the link: BCG complications what parents need to know

The active ingredient in the vaccine is a strain of one microorganism:

1. Glaxo 1077.
2. Tokyo 172.
3. Danish 1331.

The type of strain does not affect the effectiveness of the vaccine.

Now the BCG-M vaccine has become known. Its difference from the usual drug is the small specific gravity of the strain.

If parents are afraid to give a regular injection to their child in the maternity hospital, then this is not a reason to refuse vaccination. You can ask your baby to be vaccinated with BCG-M to protect him from a dangerous disease.