High temperature in a child without symptoms, Dr. Komarovsky

What is the norm

As soon as the temperature rises to 37 degrees, most infectious agents lose the ability to reproduce. And after 38 degrees, the body begins to increase the production of interferon gamma , a substance that plays a key role in protecting cells. In addition, the activity of lymphocytes increases, due to which the body begins to produce antimicrobial and antiviral antibodies at an accelerated pace.

At the same time, changes in a child’s temperature throughout the day are an important sign for a doctor to make a diagnosis. For example, with ARVI viruses, the temperature tends to rise in the evening compared to morning values , while with other diseases it behaves differently.

How many days does it last

All this does not mean that high temperatures cannot harm your health and that you do not need to monitor them. Doctors divide fever into three categories:

• subfebrile , from 37.1 to 38,
• febrile , from 38 to 39,
• pyretic , from 39 to 40 and above.

How long does a child’s temperature last for ARVI? It is believed that low-grade fever is most characteristic of ARVI diseases . On average, it can last 5 days in children (if correct treatment is provided throughout this time). Doctors do not recommend rushing to bring down such a temperature, because it does no harm, and artificially lowering it prevents the body from fighting the infection.

The exception is special situations:

1. The baby is less than three months old,
2. The temperature causes significant discomfort: pain, severe chills, lethargy,
3. If it is determined that at this temperature the child begins to have convulsions,
4. Presence of cardiovascular diseases,
5. Hereditary problems with metabolism.

High

As the disease progresses, the temperature may rise above low-grade fever. Along with a temperature of 38, a child usually experiences:

• headache,
• increased sweating,
• feeling of aching.

Febrile fever and the accompanying condition, according to the observations of doctors, lasts on average 3-4 days . If after this period the child’s condition does not begin to improve, you should consult a doctor (if this has not been done before).

If the high temperature does not begin to subside on its own, this is one of the signs of a developing complication.

A temperature of 40 is a serious threat of dehydration and seizures . At this temperature, diarrhea may begin and vomiting is possible. In addition, the load on the heart increases greatly. Therefore, if your baby has a temperature of 39 degrees or higher, you should start giving antipyretics. If this is not done, the risk of these and other complications increases many times over.

Vomit

Due to intoxication of the body, the child may vomit. This is not something to be alarmed about as it is quite common and is one of the ways the body tries to cleanse itself of toxins.

In some cases, vomiting may occur as a reaction to a sharp increase in temperature . Only a doctor can determine whether this is true, therefore, if a child exhibits both of these signs (and a rise in temperature and vomiting), you should immediately contact a pediatrician.

Why does my child's temperature rise?

High temperature is a natural physiological reaction to damage and the introduction of infectious agents.
When bacteria and viruses enter the body, they release toxins. Immune cells respond by releasing specific substances – pyrogens. These processes contribute to “heating” the body from the inside. At high temperatures (up to 38°C), metabolism improves, as does the synthesis of many biologically active substances. However, severe fever is a cause of complications, one of which is febrile seizures. If a baby under 6 months of age has a fever, you should always seek help from a doctor. Hyperthermia is a frequent companion to such pathological conditions as:

• viral or bacterial infection;
• heatstroke;
• allergic reaction;
• teething;
• nervous disorders.

By increasing the temperature, according to Komarovsky, the body activates the production of substances that resist pathogens. One of the main such compounds is a special protein called interferon, which has the properties of neutralizing viruses. The amount of synthesized interferon is directly related to fever - the higher the numbers on the thermometer, the greater the amount of interferon produced.

Re-promotion

There are situations when high fever returns after the disease has begun to recede. This means only one thing - the infection was not completely defeated .

Therefore, from the very beginning of the disease, during treatment you need to use nasal drops , for example, Nazivin or AquaMaris (in children, use a nasal aspirator to suck out mucus from the nose). And also pay special attention to expectoration of sputum. If the baby is too lazy to cough, it is worth easily stimulating the release of sputum : the child is placed on his stomach and lightly tapped on the back (between the shoulder blades) with the pads of the fingers, ensuring that the sputum comes out naturally.

The first thing to do if a repeated rise occurs is not to panic and act according to the symptoms. First, you should make sure that ARVI has not developed into one of the possible complications. Only a doctor can determine this. Therefore, repeated high temperature is a reason to seek medical help (even urgently) .

Jumps

Sometimes, with ARVI, the temperature begins to jump up and down. This behavior is a very alarming sign, because it may simply be a residual phenomenon, but more often it serves as a signal of the onset of complications .

The temperature may jump if:

• Influenza joined the existing infection . In this case, fever may torment the baby for a week;
• adenoiditis began . If this disease develops, from 5 to 8 days the temperature will reach 39;
• parainfluenza begins to develop . This infection affects the larynx and nasal mucosa. With it, the fever may not subside for up to two weeks;
• The child has pneumonia . One of the worst options because it is very difficult to diagnose.

These diseases cannot always be treated at home, and in any case, only a doctor can make a diagnosis and determine treatment conditions.

No temperature

In some cases, acute respiratory viral infections can occur without fever. This is usually not a good thing because it most often indicates that the immune system is unable to resist . This can happen if, for example, an infection strikes the body immediately after another serious illness. The body has not yet had time to recover and it simply does not have enough strength to fight the new threat.

Less commonly, this happens when the functions of the hypothalamus are impaired . It is the hypothalamus that is responsible for thermoregulation of the body. This part of the brain is highly susceptible to damage by toxic substances, and intoxication is an integral part of acute respiratory viral infections.

What Komarovsky says

According to Dr. Komarovsky, one of the most important tasks of adults at elevated temperatures during ARVI is to provide the child with the opportunity to give off heat . To do this, the doctor recommends using two main methods:

1. drinking plenty of water,
2. cool air in the room.

The first is necessary in order to have something to sweat with. If a child is capricious and does not want to drink, it is better to offer him what he likes. At such moments, it is more important that the baby receives some kind of liquid . Otherwise, the body simply will not be able to produce sweat and thus regulate body temperature.

The second method provides the body with the opportunity to warm the air and thus give off excess of its own heat. The optimal air temperature for this is 18-20 degrees.

At the same time, the baby’s clothes should be warm so that such a dangerous phenomenon as spasm of skin blood vessels does not occur. The problem with this phenomenon is that the temperature of the skin begins to drop, and the temperature of the internal organs, on the contrary, increases.

According to Dr. Komarovsky, it is worth using antipyretics to bring down the temperature :

1. If the baby does not tolerate high temperature well (he feels nauseous, starts having convulsions, etc.).
2. If you have diseases of the nervous system.
3. If the child does not have the first two problems, but the temperature has risen above 39 degrees .

High temperature due to viral infection

“Usually, fever is accompanied by a runny nose, cough, sore throat and other symptoms. What if an adult’s or child’s temperature jumped just like that? Should we sound the alarm?

“Of course, when you don’t understand what’s happening to your child, it’s best to see a doctor, let him have a headache,”? Dr. Komarovsky answered in a half-joking manner.

According to the doctor, basically when it comes to a bacterial infection (pneumonia, dysentery, otitis media, sore throat, etc.) there are always certain symptoms. High temperature is accompanied by something else.

“High temperature without symptoms or other complaints is quite typical for a large number of viral infections. Therefore, if a child or adult has a high temperature, and there are no other symptoms, it is necessary to implement standard methods of help for a viral infection, and these are warm clothes, clean cool air, plenty of fluids, do not force them to eat, use symptomatic antipyretics,” ? the doctor advised.

If you cannot understand why exactly the body temperature has increased (this is the only symptom), look for any rashes on the body. If found, consult a doctor immediately.

Temperature tail

Often after an acute respiratory viral infection, a phenomenon such as a fever or low-grade fever occurs. This means that after recovery the child has a temperature of 37, and it can reach 38 degrees.

The first thing to do is consult a doctor to rule out the possibility of complications .

Provided that the cause of the high temperature is not some kind of bacterial infection, there is no need to worry too much about low-grade fever. There are quite a few reasons for its occurrence, and not all of them can cause serious damage to health.

Moreover, keeping the temperature elevated is insurance against possible re-infection . This state can be maintained by the body for up to two weeks.

Prolonged low-grade fever may also be associated with dysfunction of the central nervous system (thermoneurosis) . The reasons for this may be:

• recent illness (including ARVI),
• trauma (physical, psychological),
• overwork, overstrain,
• metabolic disorders, adrenal glands.

However, the concept of duration and diagnosis is possible only if several conditions are present simultaneously :

• temperature from 37 to 37 degrees,
• lasts from 2 weeks,
• Along with normal indicators of a general blood test (as well as protein fractions, tuberculin test), there are corresponding symptoms: weight loss,
• medical examination did not reveal any other diseases,
• the change in heart rate is not associated with an increase,
• medications (including antibiotics, antipyretics) do not affect the temperature level.

Signs of low-grade fever in children

Low-grade fever is a condition in which the elevated temperature lasts for a long time and can reach 38.3˚C, and there are no obvious signs of the disease.

Against the background of elevated temperature, the following symptoms may be observed:

• weakness;
• lethargy;
• decreased appetite;
• excessive sweating;
• increased heart rate and breathing;
• regurgitation (in babies);
• sleep disorders;
• increased nervousness.

Typically, low-grade fever is in the range of 37−38.3˚C and lasts for two weeks or more

Most often, long-term low-grade fever occurs in children aged 7–15 years.

When is it necessary to shoot down?

There are situations when it is simply necessary to bring down a high temperature . Firstly, because when it rises to 39-40 degrees, the harm from it will be no less than the benefit. Secondly, because its further increase can lead to serious complications and even death.

Cramps are one of the most unpleasant consequences of an increase in temperature, which must be avoided. The opinions of doctors agree that it is not advisable to bring down the temperature above 38.5 . And if your child tolerates such indicators normally, it is worth listening to their opinion.

If not, then you need to shoot it down earlier. The main thing in this process is to adhere to common sense: on the one hand, it is necessary to avoid seizures and other unpleasant consequences, and on the other, to give the body the opportunity to fight.

Medicines

If there is a need to bring down the temperature, you can use one of the following remedies:

• Ibufen . This syrup is antipyretic, but also has an analgesic effect. Suitable for babies from 6 months;
• Panadol . In the form of syrup, it is suitable for children over three months. In the form of candles, it is suitable for infants less than 3 months old;
• Paracetamol . In the form of syrup, it is suitable for children under one year old, but is not recommended for babies who are less than a month old. In the form of swallowable capsules, it can be given to children from 5-6 years old (if the child can swallow well, it can be given);
• Efferalgan . Candles are suitable for babies from 3 months. In the form of a suspension, it is recommended for older children;
• Cefekon . Suitable for babies from 3 months.

Each of these remedies has contraindications, so before choosing one or another, it is better to consult a doctor.

There is another important point that you need to know about antipyretic drugs: those that contain paracetamol are effective only for acute respiratory viral infections . If you give your child an antipyretic, but it does not work, or the effect is weak and short-lived, this is a signal that a complication has begun to develop, and a bacterial infection is attached to ARVI.

It also happens that a child has an intolerance to the active ingredient of a medicine, then it is worth taking care in advance to have two medications with different active ingredients in stock.

What body temperature is considered normal for infants?

Each person has a different individual body. Elderly people often have low Celsius readings, while newborns have high readings. The normal temperature of babies is up to 37.5 degrees.

This increase is due to the specific development of the child’s body. The immune system is formed, the functioning of internal organs is improved.

The baby has recently left his mother's womb and has not yet settled into the new world. This phenomenon is observed in the first year of a baby’s life.

The thermoregulation of the toddler is unstable. On the street, body temperature decreases, in a warm environment it increases. The baby reacts to any external changes. Overheating and hypothermia negatively affect the child's body.

You can measure the temperature level in various ways. The results of mercury and electronic thermometers may differ by 1-3 measurements.

The age norm for children under one year depends on the location of measurement:

• Oral cavity - from 36.4 to 37.4 degrees.
• The area in the armpits is from 26 to 37 degrees.
• Rectal indicator - up to 37.4 degrees.

The hereditary factor should also be taken into account when the baby has a constant body temperature above or below normal.

In this case, the indicators range from 35.8 to 38 degrees. Measure the temperature several times to avoid erroneous readings.

Low-grade fever in a child: what causes it and how to treat the cause

Low-grade fever in a child is a reaction of the child’s body, characterized by an increase in body temperature from 37°C to 38°C when measured in the armpit.

The attentive reader will ask: if this is a reaction, then there must be a reason? This is true. Fever is not an independent disease, but only a consequence of another health problem.

Which one? We will talk about this in the article.

Signs of low-grade fever in children

Low-grade fever in children is characterized by a persistent increase in body temperature within 37-38 degrees for several weeks, months and even years.

Low-grade fever may be accompanied by the following symptoms:

• headache;
• muscle pain;
• decreased appetite;
• drowsiness;
• photophobia;
• increased fatigue;
• profuse sweating;
• tachycardia;
• increased breathing.

Sometimes a child's low-grade fever may not be accompanied by typical symptoms of malaise. For example, for infants, a temperature of up to 37 degrees during the first year of life is the physiological norm.

When is low-grade fever still normal? These are the following cases:

• the child ran around;
• the child has eaten;
• the child has just woken up;
• the child has had an infection in the last 2 weeks.

Causes of low-grade fever in children

Low-grade fever in children may be a consequence of a pathological process of infectious or non-infectious origin.

Long-term low-grade fever in children may indicate latent chronic diseases, nervous disorders, diseases of the endocrine system, allergic reactions, malignant tumors, diseases of the hematopoietic system, and mental disorders.

Low-grade fever of unknown etiology in children requires a thorough diagnostic search.

Infectious causes

First of all, you should find out what the nature of the cause of low-grade fever in a child is - infectious or not. A paracetamol test is used for this. It will not give a definite answer, but it can become a guide.

Sore throats

Most often, the disease is caused by group A streptococcus, less often by pneumococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, etc. The disease is transmitted by airborne droplets, and children are highly susceptible to the pathogen.

Predisposing factors to the development of angina are hypothermia, a recent history of acute respiratory viral infection, increased dry air, and a decreased immune response of the body. But at the same time, contact with the pathogen is necessary.

Most often, low-grade fever occurs with catarrhal tonsillitis, which affects the superficial layers of the tonsils of the throat.

Diphtheria

The disease is caused by the bacterium diphtheria bacillus. Unvaccinated children and adults are susceptible to the disease. The main manifestation of diphtheria is the formation of characteristic films in the lesion. Low-grade fever usually accompanies the localized form of diphtheria, when only the tonsils are affected. The temperature remains at 37-38 degrees for about three days.

Whooping cough

This is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. The pathogen, entering the upper respiratory tract, attaches to the mucous membrane and multiplies, causing inflammatory reactions.

As the disease progresses, the bacterium releases a toxin that causes spasmodic coughing attacks. Low-grade body temperature accompanies the initial period of the disease, that is, 1-2 weeks after infection.

Tuberculosis

The disease is caused by mycobacterium. Susceptibility is high in all age groups, from infants to the elderly. The routes of transmission of the pathogen are airborne, nutritional (food) and transplacental (from mother to fetus). Decreased immunity, poor social and living conditions, and the presence of chronic diseases contribute to the occurrence of tuberculosis.

The most common form of the disease in children and adolescents is tuberculosis intoxication. Symptoms include low-grade fever, lethargy, increased fatigue, loss of appetite, pale skin, and swollen lymph nodes. Specific signs are erythema nodosum (nodes with a diameter of 1-5 cm on the shoulders, thighs and legs), inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva of the eye, arthritis.

Read more about the development of tuberculosis and the temperature that accompanies it in the following article from temperaturka.com.

Signs of tuberculosis in children

Foci of chronic inflammation

Long-term low-grade fever may be due to the presence of chronic foci of infections in the body. This occurs in the following diseases:

• tonsillitis;
• sinusitis, sinusitis;
• otitis;
• glomerulonephritis;
• pyelonephritis;
• carious teeth;
• other.

ARVI

The most common disease among children is ARVI (acute respiratory viral infection). The causative agents are influenza viruses, parainfluenza, adenoviruses, rhinoviruses, enteroviruses, and respiratory syncytial virus. Children of any age are susceptible to ARVI. Infection occurs by airborne droplets.

The pathogen, entering the upper respiratory tract, attaches to the mucous membrane, where it multiplies. Typical symptoms appear: low-grade fever in a child up to 38 degrees, general malaise, cough, runny nose, headache. After recovery, a “temperature tail” often remains, or post-infectious low-grade fever in children.

With it, the temperature can stay at 37 and above for about a week or two.

Source: https://temperaturka.com/vysokaya/subfebrilnaya-rebenka

Reasons for temperature deviation from normal

Don't panic if the changes in indicators deviate very slightly from the norm. If the fever is insignificant, then pay attention to the reason that caused the deviation.

Common reasons for elevated readings may include:

• Allergic reactions.
• After vaccination.
• Reaction to the appearance of a new tooth.
• ARVI or cold.
• Disruption of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Prolonged crying.
• Overheating.
• Dehydration of the body.

A deviation from the norm to a lesser or greater extent is not a pathology, it is a reaction of the child’s immune system to external or internal stimuli. After eliminating the problems, the baby’s health returns to normal.

Reasons for low temperature include:

• Overdose of antipyretic drugs.
• Decreased immune defense.

It is recommended not to take any medication on your own. If significant changes occur, call an ambulance or doctor.

After an examination by a pediatrician, diagnostic tests and examinations will be prescribed, after which the doctor will prescribe the recommended treatment.

To avoid unreasonable fever or fever, follow these guidelines for keeping your baby comfortable:

You can check the degree of comfort in a simple way: touch the area in the newborn's neck fold. If the baby is sweating, it means he is hot, if the fold is cold, put another layer of clothing on the baby.

The main causes of low-grade fever

Low-grade fever may indicate a malfunction in the child’s body. Sometimes she talks about the presence of hidden diseases. In order to promptly treat them, it is necessary to find out the reason that led to low-grade fever.

Infectious diseases

Prolonged fever in children can be caused by the following diseases:

• pulmonary tuberculosis (also accompanied by general weakness, loss of appetite, fatigue, increased sweating, prolonged cough, emaciation);
• focal infections (sinusitis, cholecystitis, tonsillitis, dental problems and others);
• brucellosis, giardiasis, toxoplasmosis;
• helminthiasis.

Chronic tonsillitis is often detected in children, but it is not always accompanied by an increase in body temperature. Helminthiasis is also a common disease in young children. This is explained by the presence of various forms of parasites in the environment and the low level of development of hygiene skills in the child.

Non-communicable diseases

Non-infectious diseases that lead to long-term low-grade fever include autoimmune disorders and blood diseases. Sometimes the cause of a prolonged increase in body temperature is malignant tumors. Cancers are rare in childhood, but sometimes they affect the child’s body. Also, the reasons that cause low-grade fever include rheumatic diseases, iron deficiency anemia, and allergies. Endocrine diseases also contribute to a prolonged increase in body temperature. As you know, all biological processes occur with the release of heat. The thermoregulation mechanism helps maintain normal body temperature. If the functioning of the adrenal glands is disrupted, a spasm of the superficial vessels of the extremities is observed. This prevents the body from releasing excess heat. As a result, the body temperature rises, and the child's feet and hands may remain cold.

With infectious low-grade fever, physiological daily fluctuations in temperature persist; it is poorly tolerated and goes astray after taking antipyretics. If the cause is a non-infectious disease, daily temperature fluctuations are not observed or are changed, antipyretics do not help.

Consequences of viral diseases

After a viral illness (influenza or ARVI), a “temperature tail” may remain. In this case, the low-grade fever is benign, no changes are observed in the tests, and the condition returns to normal within two months.

In the last century, doctors conducted studies in which the temperature of children from 7 to 15 years old was measured in two educational institutions. It turned out to be elevated in 20% of students. There were no signs of respiratory disease.

Psychogenic disorders

Suspicious, withdrawn, irritable and unsociable children have a high likelihood of developing long-term low-grade fever. Therefore, it is recommended to treat such a child more carefully. Under no circumstances should you shout, ridicule or shame him. It is very easy for vulnerable children to be emotionally traumatized. Also, the cause of low-grade fever can be mental stress. This can happen while waiting for some important event that delivers experience.

Advice from Doctor Komarovsky

The pediatrician recommends that if a child’s body temperature rises, delay the moment of drug intervention as much as possible, giving the child’s immune system the opportunity to overcome the disease on its own.

Dr. Komarovsky recommends:

• Ventilate the room, create a temperature in the room of 18 degrees.
• Give your child more water.
• Do not use alcohol tinctures to rub your body.
• Avoid cold showers and ice-cold heating pads.
• Dress your baby the same way you dress yourself. Let the excess heat come out through sweat.

If all conditions have been created for the baby’s comfort, but the body temperature has not returned to normal, you should call a doctor at home. Antipyretics are used if the reading is above 38.5 degrees.

Give medications according to the rules:

• Follow your daily dose of paracetamol and ibuprofen.
• Reduce the temperature no more than once every 4 hours.
• The antipyretic effect occurs 40 minutes after taking the syrup or inserting a suppository.

Monitor your baby's behavior. Children perceive increases and decreases in temperature differently.

Some guys tolerate a fever of 38.5 degrees well - then you can delay taking the medicine, others are lethargic already at 37.5.

If your child is feeling unwell, you can take ibuprofen as a pain reliever.

The younger the child, the sooner call the pediatrician. Self-medication at home can end in disaster.

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Is treatment required?

The first question parents of a child with a low-grade fever ask is whether treatment is necessary. Is therapy required for long-term low-grade fever? In this case, there can be only one answer: treatment is necessary . As you know, a constantly elevated temperature does not have the best effect on the functioning of a child’s body, undermining its defenses.

Treatment of low-grade fever in a child consists of eliminating the cause that led to this condition. If an increase in temperature is caused by non-infectious diseases, drugs are used whose action is aimed at getting rid of these diseases. Hypnotherapy and acupuncture are used to eliminate functional disorders of the central nervous system that cause heat exchange disturbances. Glutamic acid can also be used.

If the presence of infectious diseases is detected, all actions are aimed at eliminating the infection. In the presence of inflammation, comprehensive treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs is mandatory. If the cause of low-grade fever in a child is a previous viral disease, therapy is not required, since the condition returns to normal on its own after some time.

For low-grade fever, it is not recommended to take antipyretic drugs, since they do not have a therapeutic effect, but only reduce immunity.

The task of parents is to create the right regime for the child. There is no need to cancel school attendance. You just need to warn teachers that a child with a high temperature may get tired faster. It is advisable for children with low-grade fever to spend a lot of time in the fresh air and sit less near the TV. It is useful to carry out hardening procedures.

How to lower a high temperature using the Komarovsky method

According to the doctor, a temperature of 39°C is considered critical and parents should be extremely attentive to the baby’s well-being. Further increase in heat can cause serious harm to the child's body.

“It is unacceptable to limit yourself to self-medication - a high temperature is always a serious reason to call a doctor”

But if there are signs of an infectious disease, then how to bring down a child’s temperature of 39? Komarovsky believes that it is possible to help a child both without medications and with their help. However, there are a number of cases when medications are given without delay:

1. The child does not tolerate heat well
2. Having difficulty breathing
3. There is vomiting or diarrhea
4. Once the child already had convulsions due to fever
5. There are serious diseases of the nervous system, for example, cerebral palsy or epilepsy
6. Temperature rose above 39°C

Reducing fever without medication

If the baby feels normal - he does not have delirium, inappropriate behavior, or difficulty breathing, then you can wait to take medications. The main thing is to create special conditions that will help the baby cope with the fever. To do this you need:

• Put the child to bed, exclude any physical activity
• Do not force feed your baby. If the child asks to eat, then warm food is given - hot food is completely excluded
• Give your child plenty of water - warm compote with sugar would be an ideal option. For children under one year old, the doctor recommends raisin decoction
• Maintain the temperature in the nursery at 18-20°C
• Fill the room with clean and humid air
• Avoid freezing or overheating your child - pajamas made from natural fabrics and a blanket will help
• Wipe with warm water 34-35°C

Cool air and plenty of fluids are the main allies in the fight against high fever.

Cooling occurs through breathing and sweating. Tea with raspberries, honey or linden blossom is given only after the child drinks more than a liter of regular compote. Otherwise, the baby will have nothing to sweat with and the temperature will rise even more.

“Note to moms! The use of lotions with vodka and vinegar is strictly prohibited - this poisons the child’s body.”

Rubbing with cold water is also not beneficial. They provoke vasospasm. The skin cools down, and the internal organs, on the contrary, overheat even more. If the child’s condition worsens, then it is necessary to move on to the next stage - taking medications.

Reducing fever with medications

According to Komarovsky, parents can only give their children paracetamol or ibuprofen in the dosages prescribed in the instructions.

At high temperatures, suppositories do not have the desired effect, but liquid products are absorbed quickly. However, there are times when even syrup cannot cope with intense heat due to spasm of the mucous vessels. The only way out is an injection of an antipyretic drug, which will be given by a doctor.

“Remember! You should not give your child aspirin or analgin - these medications harm the liver and blood-forming organs."

Paracetamol is given at intervals of 4 hours, ibuprofen - 6 hours, but no more than 4 times a day. Medicines are compatible with each other. When paracetamol does not work, you can give your child ibuprofen 40 minutes after paracetamol. If the temperature does not subside within 30-40 minutes after taking antipyretics, you should call a doctor.

Conditions requiring urgent medical attention

If a child is on fire, the mark on the thermometer exceeds 38 degrees, fever, delirium and chills set in, then this is a direct reason to call an ambulance. Also, if parents are unable to alleviate the baby’s condition on their own, especially if we are talking about infants, then the arrival of doctors is simply necessary.

If the temperature drops to acceptable levels for a day, and then rises sharply again, the alarm should be sounded. If antipyretic drugs do not bring the desired effect, then the process of inflammation or infection has gone too far and only emergency doctors can cope with the child’s condition. They will carry out the necessary diagnostics and will be able to accurately identify the cause of this condition.

If the diseases are associated with an infection that has entered the body, then it is likely that specific medical care will be required and the child will need to be admitted to the hospital.

Temperature without symptoms

As Dr. Komarovsky’s practice shows, a high temperature in a child without symptoms of an infectious disease causes even more bewilderment. Causes of high fever may include:

• Baby overheating
• Growing teeth
• Roseola is a disease caused by a type of herpes virus. In this case, after 3 days of high fever, the child will develop a small rash. No special treatment is provided
• Stress
• Urinary tract infection

If your temperature rises and there are no symptoms, you should definitely see a doctor. Perhaps the doctor will see what is hidden from parental eyes. Perhaps it will simply confirm guesses, for example, about growing teeth.

If the doctor throws up his hands and does not find any visible signs of the disease, then Komarovsky suggests waiting 3-5 days and observing the child. After this period, it is necessary to take blood and urine tests to exclude hidden inflammatory processes.

Summing up

Komarovsky considers a high temperature with signs of an infectious disease or a child with a temperature of 38 without symptoms to be a good reason to immediately call a doctor at home. Parents should help the baby cope with the fever - drinking plenty of fluids, cool air in the room and, if necessary, taking antipyretics will help do this. Analgin, aspirin, vodka, vinegar and cold compresses should be excluded from first aid remedies.

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Reasons for rising temperature

The reasons can be very different. If there are no other symptoms of any disease, a high temperature in an infant is possible from:

• overheating in summer from hot weather or in winter from too warm clothes;
• conditions after vaccination;
• teething;
• an infectious disease whose symptoms do not appear immediately.

Depending on the cause of the fever, measures are taken to eliminate it. Every parent should know what measures are needed in a given case.

Teething is one of the most common causes of fever

Measures in case of overheating

Overheating occurs in children of all ages when the weather is too hot outside or they are dressed too warmly. Newborns can also be over-insulated at home. Overheating manifests itself in the baby's restlessness and whims. Parents realize that something is wrong with the child, put their palm to his forehead, and discover that the baby is hot. The thermometer can show more than 37.9 degrees. What to do:

• bring the air temperature in the apartment to 22 degrees by thoroughly ventilating the rooms;
• if it overheats outside, take the baby home or take him to the shade;
• undress the baby, leaving him on the lightest clothes or holding him completely without clothes;
• Offer him plenty of lukewarm drinks throughout the day.

In the case where overheating actually occurred, the child’s body temperature will drop in half an hour to an hour. If this does not happen, then there was no overheating, the reason is something else.

Teeth cutting

This reason is very common. There are additional symptoms of teething that suggest that the child is not sick:

• The thermometer readings do not rise above 38 degrees;
• a child from 6 months to 2.5 years (just at this age baby teeth are cut);
• the little man pulls all the objects into his mouth and tries to scratch his gums with them;
• the gums are swollen, the edge of the tooth is slightly visible from above;
• The thermometer readings are elevated for no more than 3 days, after which they become normal.

If it is hot during teething, the doctor will recommend keeping the baby at home and not giving him a full bath. It is also necessary to maintain a comfortable climate in the room and give the baby more fluids. If the readings on the thermometer exceed 37.9 degrees, you can give your baby the children's antipyretic drug Nurofen (ibuprofen and paracetamol), which is also a pain reliever.

When applying all these measures, it is necessary to take into account that in most cases, high fever is a sign of an infectious disease - ARVI, influenza, intestinal infection, etc. To exclude these causes, you need to contact a children's clinic. The infection can also become active during teething.

Reaction to vaccination

When a newborn is three months old, he or she should be vaccinated against whooping cough, tetanus and diphtheria (DPT) or tetanus and diphtheria only (DT). The pediatrician decides which of these vaccinations to give. Some children develop a fever after vaccination. Because of this, there is no need to worry if the temperature drops to normal the next day.

A one-year-old child is vaccinated against measles and mumps. This vaccination can cause fever 5-6 days after vaccination, and on days 8-10 the thermometer readings can be much higher than normal. Do not sound the alarm and call an ambulance. If the baby has no other signs of illness, nothing bad happens. There are also vaccinations that should not cause fever in children - vaccination against polio and tuberculosis (BCG).

Throat infections

It is necessary to learn to look at the baby's throat and distinguish its redness from the usual state of the pharynx. Small ulcers and pimples may appear on the throat. Since throat infections are characterized only by high fever and sore throat, which the little person cannot yet tell his mother about, such skills will come in handy for parents. These infections have no other symptoms.

Not only the doctor, but also the parents can examine the child’s throat

• Acute pharyngitis is very common. All of the above signs - redness of the throat, ulcers, pimples - indicate this disease.
• A baby may develop a fever with herpangina. It also causes blisters to appear on the tonsils, arches of the throat, and on the back wall of the larynx.
• Children who are three years old often have a sore throat. It is characterized by the appearance of white plaque on the tonsils and back of the throat. The fever begins. This disease does not occur in one-year-old and younger children - they are protected by their mother’s immunity; from 1 year to 2 years, sore throat is also very rare.

Treatment depends on the diagnosis. For angina, antibiotics are prescribed. Pharyngitis can be viral or bacterial. To prescribe a medication, the diagnosis is first clarified. Herpangina is a viral disease and does not require antibiotic treatment.

Acute stomatitis

Children who often put dirty objects into their mouths develop stomatitis. With stomatitis, the baby begins to salivate profusely. His temperature rises and his appetite decreases. Treatment of the disease requires consultation with a specialist. Before the doctor arrives, the child should be put on a diet of liquid and pureed foods. You can rinse your mouth with infusion of sage and chamomile or furatsilin.

Acute otitis media

When bathing, water sometimes pours into a newborn's ears, which the parents did not wipe off in time. In a draft, the ear becomes hypothermic, the infection in it becomes more active, and otitis media begins. A thermometer for acute otitis media can show up to 40 degrees, the baby’s ears hurt. He pulls them and cries in pain. Depending on the severity of the disease, the doctor prescribes an antibiotic for instillation into the ears or an antibiotic through injections. Sometimes you can get by with taking pills rather than injections.

Acute otitis media in a child requires medical intervention.
Roseola (sudden exanthema) affects young children aged 9 months to 2 years. The disease begins with a rise in temperature to 38.5-40 degrees. The baby's lymph nodes in the neck swell. The elevated temperature can last up to 5 days. Then it subsides, and a spotty pink rash appears on the body. Then the rash disappears. The disease is caused by a common type of herpes. About 70% of children suffer from it in early childhood.

A common cold can cause a high fever. This means that the child's body fights infection with the help of its immune system. Without pills, the disease should go away on its own within 7 days. You can give the little man tea with honey, boiled milk, raspberry jam and an antipyretic in case of extreme heat. This will help cure a cold.

Urinary tract disease may only be characterized by significant fever. The most attentive parents notice that it is painful for the baby to urinate, that his legs or face are swollen. The diagnosis is made by a doctor, for which he prescribes tests. A urinary tract infection is bacterial in nature. In case of illness, the doctor prescribes antibiotic treatment.

Intestinal infections initially cause only severe fever. Other manifestations - diarrhea, nausea, vomiting - do not appear immediately. These signs sometimes take several hours, or even a day, after the onset of the disease.

Among the reasons that precede a child’s serious condition due to his fever are:

• Infectious diseases (influenza, chickenpox, acute respiratory infections, rubella, mumps, measles, diphtheria, whooping cough). When pathogenic microflora is introduced into a weakened child’s body, obvious symptoms do not yet appear, since there is always a latent period for infectious penetration. Due to the fact that the immune system begins to actively fight against uninvited guests, the child’s temperature rises sharply. Thus, the body destroys the protein structure of bacteria and tries to remove them from the body.
• Acute inflammatory diseases (angina, stomatitis, sinusitis, otitis media, pharyngitis, pneumonia, herpes, pyelonephritis). Such diseases cling to the baby against the background of hypothermia, injury or general intoxication.
• Oncological pathologies. The temperature rises first, after which parents may notice chills in the baby, weakness, loss of appetite, and pale skin. Only a doctor can make a diagnosis of oncology, so contacting a specialist if you suspect such a serious cause is simply necessary.
• Teething.
• Complication after vaccination.

In addition, it should be noted that in general, the smaller the child, the weaker his immune system. Therefore, the baby can react with a high temperature to any external and internal irritants: a long stay in public transport, stress, moving to another city, anxiety, hypothermia or a long stay in the open scorching sun.

How to deal with fever without medication

Baby's temperature.
What Komarovsky advises According to Dr. Komarovsky, sometimes it is not worth bringing down a baby’s temperature with medications. To bring it back to normal in a baby without the use of medications, the following recommendations should be followed:

• it is necessary to provide the body with conditions under which it is able to lose heat. To do this, it is necessary to often offer the baby to drink, and if the child is breastfed, constantly give him breastfeeding. You should also ensure the room temperature is about 18 degrees;

• You should drink compotes or fruit drinks, heated to 37-38 degrees, like a child’s body. If the baby refuses, give him any drink he agrees to. As a last resort, pour in some water with a syringe every half hour;

At high temperatures, give your child drinks often - clean water, compote, fruit juice

• It is prohibited to use wet, cold diapers to cool the baby, as well as heating pads with ice. These methods significantly reduce the heat outside the body, but inside it remains the same, which can cause cramps in the baby;

• rubbing the baby using vinegar, alcohol and other folk remedies is strictly prohibited. This could be dangerous for his baby's life.

The child's clothes should be warm enough, made from natural fabrics , because... it is in a cool room.

You should constantly ensure that your clothes are dry . When the baby is sweating, he should be changed immediately.

What absolutely should not be done

On the advice of mothers and grandmothers, some parents lower their child’s temperature by wiping him with vinegar or vodka. However, doctors strongly do not recommend using vodka and vinegar to treat small patients, especially infants, as this can lead to skin burns. In addition, these aggressive substances easily penetrate through the skin pores into the bloodstream and can cause severe intoxication.

Natural remedies (herbal teas and infusions) do not have a harmful effect on the baby’s liver and kidneys. However, they pose another danger: many berries can cause allergies. Before brewing antipyretic teas from bird cherry and viburnum, you need to check whether the baby has hypersensitivity to them.

There is an opinion that at home you can lower the temperature by placing the child in a bath with cold water for a minute or wrapping him in a sheet soaked in cold water. Some people believe that the body will recover from a sharp temperature change.

This method does not have any positive aspects: you will not be able to recover after it. However, the method has many negative aspects:

• Immersion in cold water or wrapping in a cold, wet sheet can frighten a child, causing him to cry, become nervous, and raise his temperature;
• due to exposure to cold, a spasm of the skin blood vessels will occur, and it will cool down, but heat transfer will be difficult, causing the temperature of the internal organs to rise sharply;
• fright and vasospasm together can lead to fainting.

A popular pediatrician does not advise using physical methods to cool the child's body, for example, using heating pads with ice, cold wet sheets, and the like. All of them cause spasm of blood vessels in the skin, which leads to slower blood flow, reduced sweating and reduced heat loss. In this case, you will only reduce the temperature of the baby’s skin, but the temperature inside the body will still remain high, which poses a significant danger.

Komarovsky also strongly opposes rubbing with vinegar or alcohol. A sweating child already loses enough heat, which leads to a decrease in temperature. Rubbing with alcohol-containing solutions, according to the pediatrician, additionally causes alcohol poisoning for the baby, and rubbing with vinegar increases the risk of acid poisoning.

Komarovsky also does not advise trying to increase the evaporation of sweat using a fan. This also causes vasospasm. According to the doctor, when a child is sweating, you just need to change him into warm, dry clothes and calm down.

Use of medications for fever

If the baby’s temperature does not decrease, Komarovsky recommends using medications, always in combination with non-drug methods for getting rid of the fever. Situations in which it is necessary to resort to medications are as follows:

• severe condition and weakness of the baby, impaired concentration;
• vomiting or diarrhea in the baby, prolonged refusal to eat;
• the likelihood of seizures, existing problems with the nervous system;
• temperature above 39 degrees – such a fever is dangerous for the baby’s body and does not go away without medication.

Dr. Komarovsky considers paracetamol . It is very effective and is available in various forms, which allows it to be used for children of any age. Other medications to relieve fever are possible only after consulting your doctor.

If the temperature rises above 39 degrees, Komarovsky recommends bringing it down with paracetamol

Features of drugs whose main active ingredient is paracetamol are as follows:

• the manufacturer and the form of release do not affect its effectiveness in any way, you just need to choose the right dosage;
• It should be used once, in order to bring down the temperature at the moment. It is allowed to take up to 4 times a day;
• The medicine does not cure the baby’s illness, but only helps get rid of the fever.

The use of ibuprofen is possible if the temperature does not begin to decrease within an hour after taking paracetamol. Its use is possible at intervals of 4 hours, like paracetamol. However, ibuprofen can be taken an hour after paracetamol.

Ibuprofen is also available in various forms; for children it is mainly used as a suspension.

Causes of low-grade fever in a child according to Komarovsky

Low-grade fever in children is a fairly common occurrence. What Dr. Komarovsky thinks about this, what are the causes of low-grade fever, and whether treatment is necessary for this condition of the child, we will now find out.

An elevated temperature always indicates the presence of a disease.

But it also happens that at elevated temperatures there are no other symptoms that would confirm suspicions. In this case, doctors always use the term “low-grade fever.” This is a condition in which an elevated temperature can last for some time and reach 38.3 degrees.

Against the background of such an increase in temperature, the following signs can be observed:

• weakness and lethargy, • decreased appetite, rapid pulse and breathing, • sleep disturbance, • nervousness, • increased sweating,

• regurgitation in infants.

Long-term low-grade fever is most often observed between the ages of 7 and 15 years.

Causes of low-grade fever in children

Low-grade fever for a toddler is not normal. In any case, it indicates a disruption in the functioning of the child’s body. And although such a temperature cannot be called a fever, it is necessary to find out the causes of low-grade fever.

This kind of symptomatology can accompany infections of internal organs, helminthic infestation, anemia, brain disease, and an allergic condition.

Low-grade fever can also be caused by impaired metabolism, increased activity of the thyroid gland, and impaired immunity.

The famous doctor Komarovsky, whose opinion is listened to by young parents, does not recommend lowering the temperature with antipyretics or other methods.

This approach will not be able to eliminate the cause of low-grade fever, but will only lead to a weakening of the protective function of the growing organism.

This condition can be diagnosed only through long-term observation of the child and daily recording of the temperature.

Doctors around the world, including Komarovsky, recommend taking the right approach to the urgent problem, since this kind of condition causes severe damage to the growing body, regardless of the reason that caused it.

Initially, a complete diagnosis and elimination of the disorder that causes low-grade fever is carried out. To normalize heat exchange, doctors use drug treatment and alternative techniques - acupuncture therapy and hypnotherapy.

A properly developed daily routine and routine for the baby is also an important factor in the treatment of low-grade fever. Such children need to spend a long time outdoors and in the fresh air, they should get enough sleep and not be overtired.

In addition, Dr. Komarovsky does not recommend that children sit for a long time in front of the TV or computer monitor. Dr. Komarovsky believes that hardening children with low-grade fever is an excellent method for restoring heat exchange and strengthening the immune system.

But, hardening procedures must be carried out systematically and not stop even after the goal has been achieved.

If there is a low-grade fever, it is necessary to show the child: 1. A hematologist who will rule out or confirm the presence of cancer of the hematopoietic system and lymphatic tissue.2. Gynecologist3. A neurologist who will rule out or confirm meningitis.4. Oncologist.5. Rheumatologist.6. Infectious disease specialist.

7. Phthisiatrician.

In addition, the child’s parents and other family members are also examined. This approach will detect a latent form of infection that may maintain a low-grade fever.

Is treatment required?

The first question that parents ask Dr. Komarovsky is the need to treat a child with prolonged low-grade fever.

Komarovsky’s answer is unequivocal: treatment is necessary just as it is important to establish the causes that cause low-grade fever. There is no need to suspend your child from school.

The only thing parents should do is warn teachers that he can get tired quickly.

Parents must correctly understand that it is not low-grade fever that needs to be treated, but the reasons that stimulate its formation. Only a doctor can accurately determine the cause of low-grade fever in a child.

The prognosis for treatment is always favorable and few people continue to have low-grade fever into adulthood.

Source: https://temperatyra.ru/pokazateli/prichinyi-subfebrilnoy-temperaturyi-po-mneniyu-komarovskogo.html

Walking with fever

If the baby's temperature is elevated, Komarovsky gives the following advice on walking:

• If the child is feeling well and the weather is warm and windless, short walks are possible. A hat and clothing made from natural fabrics, such as cotton, are required. Places where large numbers of people gather should be avoided;
• if the weather is good and warm, but the child is weak, it is not recommended to go for a walk so as not to aggravate the situation;
• If the baby is active and feeling well , you should not go for a walk if it is cool outside, there is a strong wind or, conversely, the weather is hot - this can worsen the baby’s condition.

If you have a balcony, you can put a stroller with a baby there for an afternoon nap. At the same time, you should make sure that your clothes do not get wet from sweat.

While your child is sleeping at home, you should open all windows for ventilation and wipe the floors to increase the humidity in the room.