A blood vessel burst in a child’s eye, what to do if blood vessels burst in a baby

Constantly red eyes - why and what to do

The presence of the following diseases leads to frequent ruptures of blood vessels:

hypertension;
diabetes;
conjunctivitis;
blepharitis.

With hypertension (high blood pressure), blood vessels burst and a blood clot forms on the retina. A phenomenon that leads to visual impairment, and in advanced cases to blindness.

In such manifestations, treatment of the disease itself will be required, and, as a result, elimination of hemorrhage in the eyes.

Conjunctivitis is a disease that causes capillaries to dilate. Accompanied by itching, discomfort in the eyes, and tearing. The disease requires treatment prescribed by a specialist.

A disease that leads to permanently red eyes is blepharitis. It has an allergic, ulcerative or seborrheic form of manifestation. Treatment is required by a specialist in this field.

Constantly red eyes are present in a person suffering from vascular disease. Eye diseases lead to stable rupture of capillaries.

Starting from inflammatory processes in the eyes and infections, and ending with malignant or benign formations - this is all the reason for frequent redness of the eyes.

Diabetes mellitus causes thinning of blood vessels, and at the slightest stress they rupture. Here you will need treatment of the underlying disease.

Lack of vitamins leads to frequent ruptures of capillaries. For prevention, you need to follow a nutritious diet. Eat vitamin C.

Frequent consumption of alcohol leads to wear and tear of the blood vessels, and they become damaged.

To avoid the problem, you need to lead a correct lifestyle, consult a specialist at the first manifestations of the disease, get a good night's sleep and often be in the fresh air.

You can make lotions from cucumber, as well as rubbing with pieces of ice and parsley.

Diagnostics

The ophthalmologist sees the presence of hemorrhage with the naked eye. If a detailed clinical picture is needed to make a diagnosis, additional examination is performed.

To rule out diabetes mellitus as a cause of blood disease, the doctor prescribes a general blood test and a sugar test.

The following types of procedures are carried out:

ophthalmoscopy,
Ultrasound of the eyeball,
diagnostics of visual acuity - visometry,
biomicroscopy.

In more severe cases, additional examinations are carried out:

MRI,
CT scan,
X-ray.

Modern diagnostic methods help not only to accurately diagnose, but also to predict the development of complications.

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Treatment

Treatment for ruptured blood vessels in young children will vary depending on the cause. In each case, parents need to show restraint and patience. The principles of parental behavior when red spots appear in the eye are as follows:

Carefully examine the mucous membrane. If there is a foreign body on it, you can rinse the eye with water. An older child can be asked to dip his face in a bowl of water and open his eyes. It is allowed to use saline solution for rinsing.
If you experience eye strain after reading or working on a computer, you need to provide rest. During rest periods, you should isolate your baby from the TV and monitor.
If symptoms persist, you should consult a doctor.

If red dots and lines in the eyes are the cause of physical and mental fatigue, excessive use of the computer, then you need to provide the baby with peace and just wait a few days. In the absence of other diseases, the red dots will disappear.

Additionally, the eyes are instilled with artificial tear preparations. They are available in every pharmacy without a prescription.

In case of injury and developing bruising, apply cold to the affected area. Due to the low temperature, vasoconstriction occurs, reducing swelling. If debris, sand or dust gets on the mucous membranes, it is enough to rinse them with cold water, a decoction of chamomile or black tea.

Therapy for hemorrhages comes down to the following measures:

elimination of external irritants (for example, dust or sand);
stopping the use of contact lenses;
treatment of the underlying disease that led to redness of the eye;
using drops to reduce pressure inside the eye and locally strengthen blood vessels.

It is useful for children to take dietary supplements to strengthen the walls of blood vessels: Ascorutin, Blueberry forte. Taufon can only be used as prescribed by a doctor.

Treatment for infants

If a blood vessel bursts during childbirth in an infant, no special treatment is required. Minor injury to the blood vessels of infants does not pose a threat to their life. If the baby's eye condition does not return to normal within a few days, you should consult a doctor.

Vitamin drops may be prescribed to strengthen the capillary walls.

What to do

When a capillary bursts in a newborn's eye, no therapeutic measures are required. This condition goes away on its own within 2-4 weeks.

If blood vessels in a child’s eyes burst due to prolonged use of gadgets, the first aid is to provide rest. It is better to stop using a phone, computer, tablet for 2 days. During this time, the stain should turn white. It is possible to use drops that moisturize the ocular mucosa.

If the capillaries in the eyes burst due to eye injury, it is necessary to apply a sterile bandage and cold. After 2 hours, remove the compress. This will narrow the blood vessels and reduce bleeding and remove swelling.

If sand or an eyelash gets in, you need to carry out a rinsing procedure. For this purpose, clean water is used. Before manipulation, you must wash your hands and bring the temperature of the liquid to room temperature. It is possible to use herbal decoctions that have antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties (chamomile, string).

If a capillary in a child’s eye bursts due to another foreign object, it is necessary to apply a loose dry bandage and consult an ophthalmologist.

Cases when you need to see a doctor if a vessel in the eye has burst:

with severe headache;
lethargy and irritability;
in case of injury;
when pus or swelling appears.

Causes

In children over 1 year old, blood vessels in the eyes may burst for the following reasons:

Increased fragility of blood vessels. In this case, they can burst even when coughing or crying.
Eye injury while playing. This is especially true for children, as they tend to play pranks and fight.
Infectious diseases - tonsillitis, pneumonia, influenza, conjunctivitis.
Changes in blood pressure. They occur as a result of weather changes, moving to a different climate zone, or frequent illnesses.
Metabolic pathologies. Frequent damage to the eye capillaries indicates developing diabetes or hypovitaminosis.
External irritants - bright light, excessively dry air, frosty wind. They lead to inflammation, which causes the child to rub his eyes. This can cause the smallest blood vessels to burst.
Getting a foreign body into the eyes also causes vascular damage.
Eye strain while watching TV or playing games on the computer. Excessive smartphone use also contributes to red eyes. To prevent a child from becoming a slave to gadgets, parents need to control the time spent with them.
The blood vessels in the eye can burst due to constipation. When straining, blood pressure increases, and if the blood vessels are fragile, they burst.
Red spots on the whites of the eyes can appear during puberty due to hormonal changes in the body.

Causes in newborns

Rupture of a capillary vessel in newborns is quite common. This is due to the stress that the baby experiences while passing through the birth canal. Vessels may burst due to increased pressure on the head. Redness can affect 2 eyes, and this indicates severe pressure.

Sometimes a newborn can injure their eyes on their own because they cannot control their movements. In this case, you need to watch him. If the redness does not go away, contact a pediatrician or neonatologist.

Prevention

Given the high physical activity of children, curiosity and mobility, it is not possible to avoid mechanical injury to the eyes. However, it is possible to minimize the influence of factors that increase the likelihood of damage to the ocular vessels.

Preventive measures include:

Limiting the time you use the computer and other gadgets. For children under 2 years old, it is better to exclude them. The total time spent at the computer should not exceed an hour per day. If a high school student's blood vessels burst after working with a computer, it is necessary to rest for 15 minutes after every hour, and it is also advisable to use safety glasses.
Providing air humidification in the baby's nursery. It is recommended to ventilate and purchase an air humidifier.
Compliance with eye hygiene measures to avoid inflammatory processes.
Establishing a sleep schedule. The child should have a full night's sleep, this is especially true for older children.
A balanced diet, including the vitamins and minerals necessary for a growing body. Vitamin C is especially important, as it is responsible for the elasticity and strength of blood vessels.
Protect your eyes from direct sunlight.

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A good prevention of overexertion is eye gymnastics, the meaning of which is to constantly change the distance. To do this, it is enough, while sitting at the computer, to move your gaze from close to far. Some experts recommend preventive eye drops that strengthen blood vessels.

Reasons for development

The most common causes of the development of retinal angiopathy in children of the first year of life are:

Type 1 diabetes, when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin. A decrease in insulin levels leads to the accumulation of sugar in the extracellular space, which contributes to the development of swelling of the retinal capillaries, narrowing of their lumen, and changes in blood consistency (it becomes thicker). As a result, the blood flow process is disrupted and the risk of vascular thrombosis increases, which often leads to their rupture. Metabolic processes in the retinal area are disrupted, which contributes to the formation of glial tissue in this area, which grows over time, affecting the vitreous body. This can provoke retinal detachment, and, as a result, loss of vision.
Increased blood pressure levels. In childhood, this condition is most often a consequence of diseases of the internal organs (for example, the adrenal glands, brain, kidneys and their arteries). In this case, blood flow in the retinal area is disrupted, as the vessels themselves change: the arteries narrow, the veins, on the contrary, become excessively wide.
Birth injury of the cervical spine. Angiopathy caused by this reason is reversible, and as soon as the child’s condition returns to normal, vision returns.
Impaired functioning of the child's cardiovascular system.
Improper nutrition of the mother during pregnancy.
Hypoxia developing in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy or during childbirth.
Birth head injury.

A blood vessel burst in a child’s eye: reasons, what parents should do, treatment for the baby

The health of a child is a subject of constant concern for caring parents. Everything that happens to the eyes - inflammation, swelling, a foreign body - causes quiet panic.

What to do if there is redness in the eye? Is this a reason to rush to the ophthalmologist or call an ambulance? To begin with, calm down, become familiar with the reasons for this phenomenon, and only then take action.

In most cases, there is no reason to panic.

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Causes

If a baby has a red or pink spot in his eye, this may be the result of injury, illness, or crying.

Why a blood vessel in the eye may burst:

Infection. Viruses affect not only the mucous membranes of the nasopharynx, but also the conjunctiva. Inflammation can cause destruction of capillaries and bleeding into the eye.
Colds. With a hysterical cough, sneezing and runny nose, the pressure on the blood vessels can be excessive and they burst. High temperature also provokes bleeding.
Severe or prolonged crying. The longer the baby does not calm down, the higher the likelihood of capillary damage.
Foreign body. While playing, children can bring particles of dirt onto the delicate cornea. When experiencing discomfort, they rub their eyes with their hands, which causes mechanical damage to the thin walls of the blood vessels.
Constipation. By pushing hard, the child causes excessive pressure on the capillaries.
Injury.
Fragile vessels by nature.
High blood pressure.
Great strain on the eyes. If a child spends a lot of time reading, watching TV, using a computer, using a smartphone, or wearing unsuitable glasses, the capillary may burst. The same problem can arise if hygiene and rules for wearing contact lenses are not observed.
Intraocular pressure. Only an ophthalmologist can determine its deviation from the norm. Parents should consult a specialist if, in combination with a damaged vessel, the child complains of a headache, lacrimation, or a sensation of a foreign body in the eyes.

If, apart from a reddish spot in the eye, the child does not experience any other symptoms different from the norm, you need to conduct an examination with clean hands. If a foreign body is found, carefully remove it and rinse your eyes.

When a vessel bursts in a child receiving treatment during an acute respiratory viral infection, this fact should be brought to the attention of the treating pediatrician. Perhaps he will adjust the treatment regimen to, for example, eliminate a hysterical cough

Risk factors

The group with an increased likelihood of hemorrhages in the eyes includes children with somatic diseases: diabetes mellitus, hypertension.

Schoolchildren, especially in elementary school and graduate school. The former experience a hitherto unusual load on the visual organ, which lasts for many hours and is intense. The latter suffer not only from large amounts of written work and reading, but also from stress associated with upcoming exams and, as a result, fluctuations in blood pressure.

Frequently ill children with low immunity and vitamin deficiencies are also at risk.

Forms of hemorrhage

Depending on the location of the burst vessel, ocular hemorrhages can occur in the sclera, anterior chamber, retina, or vitreous body. They can be distinguished visually upon inspection.

Into the eye socket

In this case, the size of the lesion can range from minor to global. The sclera may become covered with small red dots or hemorrhagic spots.

In severe cases, the eyeball may become completely engorged with blood. Such damage is usually accompanied by limited eye mobility and decreased visual acuity.

This situation most often occurs either as a result of injury or during surgery.

Into the vitreous

This hemorrhage looks like a bump on the sclera. If such damage is detected, you should immediately seek medical attention. Otherwise, the consequences can be very serious - up to partial or complete loss of vision.

To the anterior chamber

This hemorrhage differs from others in the mobility of the spot. It changes its position depending on whether the child is sitting or lying down. In most cases, it goes away without consequences within 7-10 days. If a speck of blood does not resolve for more than ten days, you should consult an ophthalmologist.

Manifestation

You can tell that a blood vessel in your child’s eye has burst by the following symptoms:

An obvious scarlet stain on the mucous membrane.
Complaints about the presence of a foreign body. Moreover, upon visual inspection it is not detected.
If the vessel is damaged due to a head injury, the child may complain of a headache.

Hemorrhage does not form in two eyes at the same time, except for damage to the blood vessels during childbirth. If a spot appears in two eyes at once, the cause may be pathologies of internal organs, so immediate contact with an ophthalmologist is necessary.

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Classification

Classification according to the location of the burst capillary:

Retina. If retinal hemorrhages are left untreated, visual acuity decreases and the sclera loses its whiteness.
Vitreous body. Symptoms are the appearance of a protruding tubercle on the sclera, flashing spots before the eyes. A dangerous complication is retinal detachment, so emergency care is required.
Eye socket. With hematological diseases and injuries, hemorrhage may occur in the orbit. There is a protrusion of the visual organ, single or multiple foci of hemorrhage on the sclera. The baby complains of pain when moving the eye. The help of a specialist is required.
Anterior chamber of the eye. A blood clot (hyphema) forms. The hyphema moves when the body position changes. Dissolves within a week. If the hyphema does not resolve, the help of a doctor is required.

Ocular hemorrhages can be localized in various structures of the visual apparatus. Depending on the area of damage, they are divided into the following types:

retina. Violation of the integrity of the retinal capillaries is characterized by the appearance of red veins resembling a mesh. It is associated with deterioration of visual function and significant discomfort;
sclera. Visually you can see small red dots. With extensive lesions, the entire eyeball is filled with blood. The eyeball protrudes forward. Eye motility deteriorates;
vitreous body. A bump appears on the sclera. Bruising in the vitreous body can result in retinal detachment and loss of vision, so this condition requires immediate assistance from specialists;
anterior chamber of the eye. Depending on the baby’s mobility, the blood clot may change its location. Most often, the bruise goes away on its own and does not cause any complications.

A blood vessel burst in a child’s eye: reasons, what parents should do, treatment for the baby

The health of a child is a subject of constant concern for caring parents. Everything that happens to the eyes - inflammation, swelling, a foreign body - causes quiet panic.

In most cases, there is no reason to panic.

Cool

Send

Risk factors

The group with an increased likelihood of hemorrhages in the eyes includes children with somatic diseases: diabetes mellitus, hypertension.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-e_jlz53tsQ

Frequently ill children with low immunity and vitamin deficiencies are also at risk.

Forms of hemorrhage

Depending on the location of the burst vessel, ocular hemorrhages can occur in the sclera, anterior chamber, retina, or vitreous body. They can be distinguished visually upon inspection.

Into the eye socket

In this case, the size of the lesion can range from minor to global. The sclera may become covered with small red dots or hemorrhagic spots.

In severe cases, the eyeball may become completely engorged with blood. Such damage is usually accompanied by limited eye mobility and decreased visual acuity.

This situation most often occurs either as a result of injury or during surgery.

Into the vitreous

To the anterior chamber

In addition to visually detectable red spots, dots or veins, burst vessels may be accompanied by eye or headache, burning, swelling, bags under the eyes, and discharge. Any of the additional symptoms is a reason to immediately consult a doctor.

What not to do?

Choose eye drops for your child without a doctor's prescription. Most of them are contraindicated for children.
You cannot ignore the child’s complaints about accompanying symptoms, which may indicate the presence of a serious illness. If not diagnosed in time, it can lead to serious consequences.
If you detect a foreign body that has penetrated the eyeball, you should not try to get it out yourself. This can lead to complete loss of vision.
Do not remove debris or foreign objects that have gotten onto the cornea by rubbing your eyes or pressing on them.

When should you go to the doctor?

if a slight hemorrhage does not go away within a week or fresh blood stains appear;
in the case of a completely bloodshot eyeball or a foreign body stuck into it.
if there are additional symptoms or signs of infection: watery eyes, fever, lethargy, runny nose.

How to deal with the problem in newborns?

During passage through the birth canal, the baby may bleed into the eye. After a few days, the bruising will go away without medical intervention. If a newborn has a blood vessel burst as a result of prolonged, anguished crying, treatment is also not required.

Useful video

More useful information about red dots or spots in the eyes can be found in the following videos:

Typically, the appearance of a red spot in the eyes is not associated with organic eye damage. It quickly disappears without visible consequences. However, if a child suffers from hypertension or diabetes, it is necessary to carefully monitor his eyes. When the first suspicious symptoms appear, you should consult a doctor.

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Classification

Types of hemorrhages are divided according to location:

Subconjunctival, hyposphagma

Occurs in the transparent elastic layer, the conjunctiva. Between the outer shell and the sclera there is a space that is filled with blood from ruptured vessels. The effusion occurs due to injuries, operations, congenital or acquired fragility of blood vessels. More often, hyposphagma appears from overexertion, a surge in pressure and goes away on its own within 2-3 days.

Hemophthalmos

Myopic people are more prone to ruptured blood vessels in the vitreous.

Types of hemophthalmos:

total - loss of transparency by more than ¾ as a result of injury;
subtotal - the vitreous body is filled with blood by at least a third, maximum by ¾, occurs in diabetes;
partial - hemorrhage covers less than a third of the space.

Unilateral hemophthalmos is more common. The condition is dangerous due to loss of vision. The vitreous body is filled with blood contents - corpuscles, decay products, toxins. Under their influence, adhesions are formed in the structure. The longer the vitreous body is clogged, the less likely it is to naturally cleanse and restore the structure. The result is loss of vision due to fibrous hardening of the eyeball.

Hyphema

Hemorrhage in the anterior chamber of the eye. The transparent dome of the cornea covers the iris and lens. The dome space is filled with intraocular fluid. When a vessel ruptures, moisture mixes with blood. The anterior chamber is completely or partially filled. The degree of rupture depends on the depth of penetrating, non-penetrating and surgical damage. The hyphema settles at the bottom of the chamber. Vision partially deteriorates or the person goes completely blind.

Hyphema fills the chamber into 4 levels:

takes up less than a third of the volume;
half;
more than half;
the hyphema completely fills the volume of the chamber.

The iris becomes red with hyphema. At stage 4, it is not visible as the cornea turns into a black blood spot in the eye.

Retinal

Hemorrhages from ruptures of retinal vessels. Also dangerous for vision loss.

Kinds:

Preretinal - a hematoma occurs between the retina and the vitreous body, larger in size than the head of the optic nerve;
Intraretinal - appear due to damage to the retinal circulatory system of the retina. The appearance of hematomas indicates their location. The stripes are in the top layer, and the circles are in the middle;
Subretinal - located behind the retinal vessels.

Hematomas are distinguished by the nature of their spread: extensive and small, unilateral and bilateral. Multiple vascular ruptures accompany systemic diseases. Unilateral rupture of the vessel is a consequence of mechanical damage.

Features of the treatment process

If filling of the eyeball with blood is noticed, treatment must be carried out to diagnose the pathology, which usually causes the release of blood plasma. This is a very important point, since knowledge of the problem will help to completely avoid relapse, complications, and complete loss of vision.

First aid for hemorrhage is the fastest possible diagnosis and subsequent treatment. The basis for complete elimination of pathology is complete rest, as well as compliance with all prescribed procedures and doctor’s recommendations. The damaged eye must be isolated from the influence of surrounding factors.

Complex of vitamins intramuscularly and orally;
Intravenous administration of glucose and lidazo, which can help completely resolve blood effusions and infiltrates;
Preparations to strengthen blood vessels, to give them elasticity;
Hemostatic drugs are prescribed;
If desired, intravenous protease enzymes may be prescribed.

In more serious cases, professional surgical intervention is performed, that is, a vitrectomy procedure is performed. The event is prescribed for severe damage to the retina and vitreous body. When performing this procedure, all thickened blood is completely removed from the entire cavity of the eyeball.

At the same time, complete removal of all areas of the affected vitreous body, which became very cloudy during the process of hemorrhage, is carried out. It is also possible to completely remove the membrane that separates the vitreous body and the retina.

There are currently no drugs that would directly relieve hemorrhage. If surgery is not the solution to the problem, it will be possible to get by with vitamins and rest for the eyes. This is the only way to achieve rapid resorption of blood in the eye.

This form of treatment can help in simple situations, but if the process is repeated over and over again, you should definitely contact a professional who may prescribe surgery. There are special forms of hemorrhage that are classified as dangerous. If you do not seek professional help, you may lose your vision.

Drugs are prescribed not only to treat hemorrhage, but also against its formation. To prevent such effusions, experts strongly recommend vitamin C. It effectively softens the walls of blood vessels, making them more elastic. Sometimes patients are prohibited from tilting their heads and making sudden movements.

If a hyphema was identified during the examination, this lesion will not require the use of any therapeutic procedures. Usually special drops for hemorrhage are prescribed, for example, potassium iodide 3%. This medicine is prescribed externally three times a day.

The average course of treatment is one week. If signs of hyphema do not go away within 10 days, surgery will be required. If blood clots are not removed in a timely manner, there is a risk that over time such an unpleasant phenomenon as glaucoma, uveitis or cataracts will appear.

Causes

The appearance of a bright red vascular network on the eyeballs indicates that some provoking factor is acting on the child’s eyes. The problem may go away on its own if it is caused by external factors, such as lifestyle and eye hygiene. But if a child has some kind of internal disease that makes itself felt by redness of the eyes, then medical treatment cannot be avoided.

Infectious

As a result of infection in a child's eyes, the following diseases can develop:

Conjunctivitis (conjunctivitis during pregnancy);
Blepharitis in children;
Uveitis of the eyes;
Glaucoma;
Blockage of the lacrimal canal (dacryocystitis in children).

Conjunctivitis can be viral or bacterial in nature. If its appearance was provoked by bacteria, this means that the child’s immunity was weakened. Bacterial conjunctivitis is characterized by inflammation that affects both eyes at once. In addition, swelling of the eyelids and purulent discharge are observed. Viral conjunctivitis is a common companion to acute respiratory disease. It only affects one eye and discharge may not always appear.

The cause of conjunctivitis should only be determined by an ophthalmologist. Treatment is prescribed depending on the nature of the disease: viral conjunctivitis, drops against which are very effective, and it is also treated with antiviral drugs, and bacterial conjunctivitis with antibiotics. In addition, you can wipe the child’s eyes with herbal decoctions (chamomile, calendula, etc.) with a cotton swab.

Parents may notice that the child has become lethargic, irritable, and is not eating or sleeping well. Sometimes blepharitis is accompanied by headaches, enlarged lymphatic vessels, and fever. On the third or fourth day, the swelling opens and pus is released from it.

Read in detail about eye drops for styes in children here.

Often this disease develops in children with weak immunity, chronic diseases and digestive problems. Blepharitis can also be caused by worms and allergies. You can get rid of blepharitis with the help of antibacterial ointments and physical therapy. In addition to the main treatment, warm compresses can be used. Red eyes may be the first symptom that indicates the onset of uveitis. Ocular uveitis is an inflammation of the blood vessels in the eyes. This disease can appear as a result of injury, viral, fungal or bacterial infection, allergies, and so on. Symptoms associated with redness of the eyes: excessive lacrimation, pain in the eye, sensitivity to light, sharp deterioration of vision.

When the doctor determines the cause of uveitis, he will prescribe treatment with anti-inflammatory or antibacterial medications (for example, nepafenac eye drops). If the cause has not been precisely established, then non-steroidal and corticosteroid drugs are prescribed. In addition, you can use drops and ointments.

High intraocular pressure requires mandatory treatment, without which the child may go blind. Parents should be aware that any symptoms and attacks characteristic of this disease should be treated immediately. This will help avoid adverse consequences in the future.

The main cause of this disease is obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct. In order to help the child, massage of the nasolacrimal canal is prescribed. If it turns out to be ineffective, probing is carried out.

Non-infectious

Redness of the eyes in a child can be observed in the following cases:

Fatigue, eye strain, which leads to irritation;
Eye injuries of various nature;
Getting a foreign object or dirt into the eye;

Fatigue and overexertion can go away on their own; to do this, you need to give the child a rest. You can wash your eyes with chamomile infusion, which has a calming and anti-inflammatory effect. If some kind of speck gets into the child’s eye, then you need to try to pull it out. One of the parents should raise the upper eyelid and lower the lower one. After this, remove the foreign object and rinse your eyes with clean water.

Read about infectious conjunctivitis in the article.